Splendid work! We managed to make the most important part of a real map--the content, or data frame. However, there are some more cartographic elements to add if we would like to call our composition a map instead of a spatial visualization. Some of the usual cartographic elements are the following:

• Data frame: It contains the main content of the map.
• Title: A short, concise title summarizing the main thematics of the map.
• Scale and scale bar: The scale of the map visualized with a scale bar and with a ratio number.
• Legend: A graphic description for the thematics of the map. It is not mandatory when the map is not thematic. For example, a shaded relief (especially a hand-drawn greyscale one) does not need a legend.
• Attribution: A list of sources used by the map followed by the name of the author, the copyright terms, if applied, and, at least, the year of creation.
• North arrow: An arrow pointing to the North if the map is not oriented that way.
• Frame: A small frame bounding the map, usually used with a grid and showing its reference numbers. It can show any additional information though.
• Grid: Either a local grid partitioning the map to logical units for easier navigation, or referencing, or a grid showing x and y axes in predefined intervals.
• Additional data frames: An overview map showing the mapped area in a larger context, or an inset map showing a small, but important, part of the map in greater details.

Let's add some of these elements by using the Print Composer of QGIS. To open a new composer, we can use the New Print Composer button on the main toolbar. We can open as many composers as we want in QGIS. If we give them talkative names, it will be quite easy to navigate between them with the Composer Manager tool next to the New Print Composer button. Although the composer is opened in a separate window, we don't have to worry about losing the composition on closing QGIS. Composers are saved with the project.