Table of Contents for
Magento 2 - Build World-Class online stores

Version ebook / Retour

Cover image for bash Cookbook, 2nd Edition Magento 2 - Build World-Class online stores by Jonathan Bownds Published by Packt Publishing, 2017
  1. Cover
  2. Table of Contents
  3. Magento 2 - Build World-Class online stores
  4. Magento 2 - Build World-Class online stores
  5. Credits
  6. Preface
  7. 1. Module 1
  8. 1. Magento Fundamentals
  9. XAMPP installation
  10. Magento
  11. Summary
  12. 2. Magento 2.0 Features
  13. An introduction to the Magento order management system
  14. Magento 2.0 command-line configuration
  15. The command-line utility
  16. Summary
  17. 3. Working with Search Engine Optimization
  18. Store configuration
  19. SEO and searching
  20. SEO catalog configuration
  21. Google Analytics tracking code
  22. Optimizing Magento pages
  23. Summary
  24. 4. Magento 2.0 Theme Development – the Developers' Holy Grail
  25. Magento 2.0 theme structure
  26. The Magento Luma theme
  27. Magento theme inheritance
  28. CMS blocks and pages
  29. Custom variables
  30. Creating a basic Magento 2.0 theme
  31. Summary
  32. 5. Creating a Responsive Magento 2.0 Theme
  33. Composer – the PHP dependency manager
  34. Building the CompStore theme
  35. CSS preprocessing with LESS
  36. Applying new CSS to the CompStore theme
  37. Creating the CompStore logo
  38. Applying the theme
  39. Creating CompStore content
  40. Customizing Magento 2.0 templates
  41. Summary
  42. 6. Write Magento 2.0 Extensions – a Great Place to Go
  43. Using the Zend framework
  44. Magento 2.0 extension structure
  45. Developing your first Magento extension
  46. The Twitter REST API
  47. The TweetsAbout module structure
  48. Using TwitterOAuth to authenticate our extension
  49. Developing the module
  50. Summary
  51. 7. Go Mobile with Magento 2.0!
  52. Adjusting the CompStore theme for mobile devices
  53. The Magento 2.0 responsive design
  54. The Magento UI
  55. Implementing a new CSS mixin media query
  56. Adjusting tweets about extensions for mobile devices
  57. Summary
  58. 8. Speeding up Your Magento 2.0
  59. Indexing and caching Magento
  60. Indexing and re-indexing data
  61. The Magento cron job
  62. Caching
  63. Fine-tuning the Magento hosting server
  64. Selecting the right Magento hosting service
  65. Apache web server deflation
  66. Enabling the expires header
  67. Minifying scripts
  68. Summary
  69. 9. Improving Your Magento Skills
  70. Magento knowledge center
  71. Improving your Magento skills
  72. Summary
  73. 2. Module 2
  74. 1. Magento 2 System Tools
  75. Installing Magento 2 sample data via GUI
  76. Installing Magento 2 sample data via the command line
  77. Managing Magento 2 indexes via the command line
  78. Managing Magento 2 cache via the command line
  79. Managing Magento 2 backup via the command line
  80. Managing Magento 2 set mode (MAGE_MODE)
  81. Transferring your Magento 1 database to Magento 2
  82. 2. Enabling Performance in Magento 2
  83. Configuring Redis for backend cache
  84. Configuring Memcached for session caching
  85. Configuring Varnish as the Full Page Cache
  86. Configuring Magento 2 with CloudFlare
  87. Configuring optimized images in Magento 2
  88. Configuring Magento 2 with HTTP/2
  89. Configuring Magento 2 performance testing
  90. 3. Creating Catalogs and Categories
  91. Create a Root Catalog
  92. Create subcategories
  93. Manage attribute sets
  94. Create products
  95. Manage products in a catalog grid
  96. 4. Managing Your Store
  97. Creating shipping and tax rules
  98. Managing customer groups
  99. Configuring inventories
  100. Configuring currency rates
  101. Managing advanced pricing
  102. 5. Creating Magento 2 Extensions – the Basics
  103. Initializing extension basics
  104. Working with database models
  105. Creating tables using setup scripts
  106. Creating a web route and controller to display data
  107. Creating system configuration fields
  108. Creating a backend data grid
  109. Creating a backend form to add/edit data
  110. 6. Creating Magento 2 Extensions – Advanced
  111. Using dependency injection to pass classes to your own class
  112. Modifying functions with the use of plugins – Interception
  113. Creating your own XML module configuration file
  114. Creating your own product type
  115. Working with service layers/contracts
  116. Creating a Magento CLI command option
  117. 3. Module 3
  118. 1. Planning for Magento
  119. Technical considerations
  120. Global-Website-Store methodology
  121. Planning for multiple stores
  122. Summary
  123. 2. Managing Products
  124. Managing products the customer focused way
  125. Creating products
  126. Managing inventory
  127. Pricing tools
  128. Autosettings
  129. Related products, up-sells, and cross-sells
  130. Importing products
  131. Summary
  132. 3. Designs and Themes
  133. The concept of theme inheritance
  134. Default installation of design packages and themes
  135. Installing third-party themes
  136. Inline translations
  137. Working with theme variants
  138. Customizing themes
  139. Customizing layouts
  140. Summary
  141. 4. Configuring to Sell
  142. Payment methods
  143. Shipping methods
  144. Managing taxes
  145. Transactional e-mails
  146. Summary
  147. 5. Managing Non-Product Content
  148. Summary
  149. 6. Marketing Tools
  150. Promotions
  151. Newsletters
  152. Using sitemaps
  153. Optimizing for search engines
  154. Summary
  155. 7. Extending Magento
  156. The new Magento module architecture
  157. Extending Magento functionality with Magento plugins
  158. Building your own extensions
  159. Summary
  160. 8. Optimizing Magento
  161. Indexing and caching
  162. Caching in Magento 2 – not just FPC
  163. Tuning your server for speed
  164. Summary
  165. 9. Advanced Techniques
  166. Version control
  167. Magento cron
  168. Backing up your database
  169. Upgrading Magento
  170. Summary
  171. 10. Pre-Launch Checklist
  172. System configurations
  173. Design configurations
  174. Search engine optimization
  175. Sales configurations
  176. Product configurations
  177. Maintenance configurations
  178. Summary
  179. Index

Chapter 2. Magento 2.0 Features

Magento has many features to provide a great experience to the users and developers. Understanding what Magento can provide is the key to success in the development of Magento. All Magento developers seek for improvements in this area.

On the Magento Connect site (https://www.magentocommerce.com/magento-connect/), you can search for uncountable extensions to improve your Magento solution: Checkout, Cart, Order Management, Gifting, Pricing, and Promotion, and a lot more. At this point, it is crucial to understand that Magento has a native solution and how its features can help you think of some great solutions for development.

In the previous chapter, you learned the fundamentals to create a basic local Magento environment to work with book projects. In this chapter, you will learn how Magento manages and improves system sell processes.

The following topics will be covered in this chapter:

  • Magento features
  • Magento architecture
  • Magento order management
  • Magento command-line utility configurations

Have fun!

The revolution of Magento 2.0

Magento Commerce has promoted important changes between its 1.x and 2.0 versions. Some usual problems of the Magento 1.x version were fixed in this new version. The following processes/modules have received improvements in Magento 2.0:

  • Performance
  • Payment method
  • Checkout
  • Catalog
  • CMS
  • Web API
  • Framework
  • Setup

All good software or systems pass through incremental improvements for evolving according to its production environment; it couldn't be different with a commerce platform that powers over 250,000 online stores worldwide.

Magento 2.0 CE has a flexible architecture and a modular code base; it has a modern theming and an extensive Application Programming Interface (API). To get a better performance, Magento 2.0 compresses JavaScript files and images and gives support to Apache Varnish integration on the server side to enable faster performance.

Security is another subject treated in the Magento 2.0 system. According to its official documentation (http://goo.gl/E7sPm3), Magento 2.0 has had substantial enhancements in its security layer:

  • Enhanced password management
  • An improved prevention of cross-site scripting (XSS)
  • Restricted permissions for file access
  • An improved prevention of click jacking exploits
  • The use of non-default admin URL

Extensibility and modularity allow Magento to be highly customizable. As an objected-oriented solution, Magento follows good architectural principles and coding standards that provide high cohesion and loose coupling.

The following diagram illustrates Magento's architecture and how the components are integrated:

The revolution of Magento 2.0

Magento works with PHP Standards Recommendations (PSR). The PSR establishes the following good programming practices:

  • PHP extensions: This allows Magento to work with some PHP extension solutions that are required by Magento, for example, PDO and Memcache.
  • PSR-0—Autoloading Standard: This enables class autoloading on the PHP code. It's highly recommended to use PSR-4 instead of PSR-0, but the PSR-0 standard illustrates only the Magento architecture standards.
  • PSR-1—Basic Coding Standard: These are some good practices to write the PHP code.
  • PSR-2—Coding Style Guide: This extends PSR-1, adding the layout code presentation.
  • PSR-3—Logger Interface: This exposes eight methods to write logs to the eight RFC 5424 levels (debug, info, notice, warning, error, critical, alert, and emergency).
  • PSR-4—Autoloading Standard: This describes a specification for autoloading classes from file paths.

    Tip

    To know more about this, access http://www.php-fig.org/psr/.

On Magento Framework, we have some libraries and dependencies of this architecture. Zend Framework (ZF) is a very important layer of this architecture; once Magento was written in ZF; as we saw earlier.

Finally, we have Web Users (frontend/backend), Service Consumers (API and endpoints), Service Layers (interfaces/contracts), and Models (resources and database).

On the Web Users layer, we can define Magento's main processes as:

The revolution of Magento 2.0
  • Products: This manages the configuration of products in Magento, such as catalogs, inventory, categories, and attributes
  • Marketing: This manages promotions, communications, and SEO
  • Content: This manages the pages content
  • Customers: This manages and gets information about customers
  • Sales: This manages cart process, checkout, orders, shipping, and payments
  • Reports: This generates reports and statics of e-commerce

We will discuss these topics in the coming chapters, but now, I'd like to introduce to you one of the most important processes of any kind of e-commerce: the Sales layer or Magento Order Management. This is one of the most important things to understand the Magento development core.