Table of Contents for
Kali Linux 2 – Assuring Security by Penetration Testing - Third Edition

Version ebook / Retour

Cover image for bash Cookbook, 2nd Edition Kali Linux 2 – Assuring Security by Penetration Testing - Third Edition by Gerard Johansen Published by Packt Publishing, 2016
  1. Cover
  2. Table of Contents
  3. Kali Linux 2 – Assuring Security by Penetration Testing Third Edition
  4. Kali Linux 2 – Assuring Security by Penetration Testing Third Edition
  5. Credits
  6. Disclaimer
  7. About the Authors
  8. About the Reviewer
  9. www.PacktPub.com
  10. Preface
  11. What you need for this book
  12. Who this book is for
  13. Conventions
  14. Reader feedback
  15. Customer support
  16. 1. Beginning with Kali Linux
  17. Kali Linux tool categories
  18. Downloading Kali Linux
  19. Using Kali Linux
  20. Configuring the virtual machine
  21. Updating Kali Linux
  22. Network services in Kali Linux
  23. Installing a vulnerable server
  24. Installing additional weapons
  25. Summary
  26. 2. Penetration Testing Methodology
  27. Vulnerability assessment versus penetration testing
  28. Security testing methodologies
  29. General penetration testing framework
  30. Information gathering
  31. The ethics
  32. Summary
  33. 3. Target Scoping
  34. Preparing the test plan
  35. Profiling test boundaries
  36. Defining business objectives
  37. Project management and scheduling
  38. Summary
  39. 4. Information Gathering
  40. Using public resources
  41. Querying the domain registration information
  42. Analyzing the DNS records
  43. Getting network routing information
  44. Utilizing the search engine
  45. Metagoofil
  46. Accessing leaked information
  47. Summary
  48. 5. Target Discovery
  49. Identifying the target machine
  50. OS fingerprinting
  51. Summary
  52. 6. Enumerating Target
  53. Understanding the TCP/IP protocol
  54. Understanding the TCP and UDP message format
  55. The network scanner
  56. Unicornscan
  57. Zenmap
  58. Amap
  59. SMB enumeration
  60. SNMP enumeration
  61. VPN enumeration
  62. Summary
  63. 7. Vulnerability Mapping
  64. Vulnerability taxonomy
  65. Automated vulnerability scanning
  66. Network vulnerability scanning
  67. Web application analysis
  68. Fuzz analysis
  69. Database assessment tools
  70. Summary
  71. 8. Social Engineering
  72. Attack process
  73. Attack methods
  74. Social Engineering Toolkit
  75. Summary
  76. 9. Target Exploitation
  77. Vulnerability and exploit repositories
  78. Advanced exploitation toolkit
  79. MSFConsole
  80. MSFCLI
  81. Ninja 101 drills
  82. Writing exploit modules
  83. Summary
  84. 10. Privilege Escalation
  85. Password attack tools
  86. Network spoofing tools
  87. Network sniffers
  88. Summary
  89. 11. Maintaining Access
  90. Working with tunneling tools
  91. Creating web backdoors
  92. Summary
  93. 12. Wireless Penetration Testing
  94. Wireless network recon
  95. Wireless testing tools
  96. Post cracking
  97. Sniffing wireless traffic
  98. Summary
  99. 13. Kali Nethunter
  100. Installing Kali Nethunter
  101. Nethunter icons
  102. Nethunter tools
  103. Third-party applications
  104. Wireless attacks
  105. HID attacks
  106. Summary
  107. 14. Documentation and Reporting
  108. Types of reports
  109. The executive report
  110. The management report
  111. The technical report
  112. Network penetration testing report (sample contents)
  113. Preparing your presentation
  114. Post-testing procedures
  115. Summary
  116. A. Supplementary Tools
  117. Web application tools
  118. Network tool
  119. Summary
  120. B. Key Resources
  121. Paid incentive programs
  122. Reverse engineering resources
  123. Penetration testing learning resources
  124. Exploit development learning resources
  125. Penetration testing on a vulnerable environment
  126. Online web application challenges
  127. Virtual machines and ISO images
  128. Network ports
  129. Index

Web application tools

In this section, we will discuss two tools that can be used to test web applications. These tools are meant to supplement the other tools that we have discussed in the previous chapter on vulnerability assessment. In some instances, these tools are a better fit for the type of test that you are conducting.

Vega

Vega is an open source framework specifically designed for web testing. Vega is a Java-based application that provides testers with an easy to follow GUI. The following are some of its features:

  • The ability to utilize a number of injection modules, such as SQLi, XSS, and Shell injection attacks
  • Scanning with authentication and session cookies
  • Web Proxy
  • Reporting capability

Vega is not included with Kali Linux v 2.0. As a result, it has to be installed. You can download the latest version at https://subgraph.com/vega/.

Once downloaded, extract the zip file to your preferred location.

Navigate to the folder and type the following:

./Vega

Navigate to Scan and click on Start New Scan, which opens the following:

Vega

Enter in the target website or IP address and then click Next. This will bring you to the next screen. Here, we can configure the scan and the type of injection module. The default modules provide a good overview if you are just beginning. Once you have selected the modules, click Next:

Vega

The next set of options that can be configured is the use of cookies. On this screen, you can replay an authentication identity or session cookie depending on the type of site you are scanning. Once you are done, click Next:

Vega

Finally, you can fine-tune the scan to exclude specific parameters that are not needed:

Vega

Click Finish and the scan will run. On completion of the scan, the following summary will be presented:

Vega

To drill down to a specific vulnerability, click on the plus sign in the Scan Alerts window. This will expand the results with details about specific findings:

Vega

As we can see, the Vega web vulnerability scanner allows for the customization of scanning in an easy-to-use interface. This is a useful tool to include within the vulnerability scanning family of tools.

BlindElephant

BlindElephant is a web application fingerprint tool that attempts to discover the version of a known web application by comparing the static files at known locations against precomputed hashes for versions of those files in all available releases.

The technique that is utilized here is fast, low-bandwidth, non-invasive, generic, and highly automated.

To display the BlindElephant help page, you can type the following command:

BlindElephant.py -h

This will display the help message on your screen.

If you want to know about the web applications and plugins supported by BlindElephant, you can type the following command:

BlindElephant.py –l

The following screenshot is the result:

BlindElephant

For our example, we want to find out the WordPress version used by the target website. The following is the command to do that:

BlindElephant.py <target> wordpress

The following is the result of that command:

Hit http://target/readme.html
Possible versions based on result: 3.1.3, 3.1.3-IIS
Hit http://target/wp-includes/js/tinymce/tiny_mce.js
Possible versions based on result: 3.1.1, 3.1.1-IIS, 3.1.1-RC1, 3.1.1-RC1-IIS, 3.1.2, 3.1.2-IIS, 3.1.3, 3.1.3-IIS, 3.1.4, 3.1.4-IIS
...
Possible versions based on result: 3.1, 3.1.1, 3.1.1-IIS, 3.1.1-RC1, 3.1.1-RC1-IIS, 3.1.2, 3.1.2-IIS, 3.1.3, 3.1.3-IIS, 3.1.4, 3.1.4-IIS, 3.1-beta1, 3.1-beta1-IIS, 3.1-beta2, 3.1-beta2-IIS, 3.1-IIS, 3.1-RC1, 3.1-RC2, 3.1-RC2-IIS, 3.1-RC3, 3.1-RC3-IIS, 3.1-RC4, 3.1-RC4-IIS

Fingerprinting resulted in:
3.1.3
3.1.3-IIS

Best Guess: 3.1.3

The target website uses WordPress Version 3.1.3, based on a BlindElephant guess. Once we know this information, we can find out the vulnerabilities that exist in that particular version.