Table of Contents for
Practical UNIX and Internet Security, 3rd Edition

Version ebook / Retour

Cover image for bash Cookbook, 2nd Edition Practical UNIX and Internet Security, 3rd Edition by Alan Schwartz Published by O'Reilly Media, Inc., 2003
  1. Cover
  2. Practical Unix & Internet Security, 3rd Edition
  3. A Note Regarding Supplemental Files
  4. Preface
  5. Unix “Security”?
  6. Scope of This Book
  7. Which Unix System?
  8. Conventions Used in This Book
  9. Comments and Questions
  10. Acknowledgments
  11. A Note to Would-Be Attackers
  12. I. Computer Security Basics
  13. 1. Introduction: Some Fundamental Questions
  14. What Is Computer Security?
  15. What Is an Operating System?
  16. What Is a Deployment Environment?
  17. Summary
  18. 2. Unix History and Lineage
  19. History of Unix
  20. Security and Unix
  21. Role of This Book
  22. Summary
  23. 3. Policies and Guidelines
  24. Planning Your Security Needs
  25. Risk Assessment
  26. Cost-Benefit Analysis and Best Practices
  27. Policy
  28. Compliance Audits
  29. Outsourcing Options
  30. The Problem with Security Through Obscurity
  31. Summary
  32. II. Security Building Blocks
  33. 4. Users, Passwords, and Authentication
  34. Logging in with Usernames and Passwords
  35. The Care and Feeding of Passwords
  36. How Unix Implements Passwords
  37. Network Account and Authorization Systems
  38. Pluggable Authentication Modules (PAM)
  39. Summary
  40. 5. Users, Groups, and the Superuser
  41. Users and Groups
  42. The Superuser (root)
  43. The su Command: Changing Who You Claim to Be
  44. Restrictions on the Superuser
  45. Summary
  46. 6. Filesystems and Security
  47. Understanding Filesystems
  48. File Attributes and Permissions
  49. chmod: Changing a File’s Permissions
  50. The umask
  51. SUID and SGID
  52. Device Files
  53. Changing a File’s Owner or Group
  54. Summary
  55. 7. Cryptography Basics
  56. Understanding Cryptography
  57. Symmetric Key Algorithms
  58. Public Key Algorithms
  59. Message Digest Functions
  60. Summary
  61. 8. Physical Security for Servers
  62. Planning for the Forgotten Threats
  63. Protecting Computer Hardware
  64. Preventing Theft
  65. Protecting Your Data
  66. Story: A Failed Site Inspection
  67. Summary
  68. 9. Personnel Security
  69. Background Checks
  70. On the Job
  71. Departure
  72. Other People
  73. Summary
  74. III. Network and Internet Security
  75. 10. Modems and Dialup Security
  76. Modems: Theory of Operation
  77. Modems and Security
  78. Modems and Unix
  79. Additional Security for Modems
  80. Summary
  81. 11. TCP/IP Networks
  82. Networking
  83. IP: The Internet Protocol
  84. IP Security
  85. Summary
  86. 12. Securing TCP and UDP Services
  87. Understanding Unix Internet Servers and Services
  88. Controlling Access to Servers
  89. Primary Unix Network Services
  90. Managing Services Securely
  91. Putting It All Together: An Example
  92. Summary
  93. 13. Sun RPC
  94. Remote Procedure Call (RPC)
  95. Secure RPC (AUTH_DES)
  96. Summary
  97. 14. Network-Based Authentication Systems
  98. Sun’s Network Information Service (NIS)
  99. Sun’s NIS+
  100. Kerberos
  101. LDAP
  102. Other Network Authentication Systems
  103. Summary
  104. 15. Network Filesystems
  105. Understanding NFS
  106. Server-Side NFS Security
  107. Client-Side NFS Security
  108. Improving NFS Security
  109. Some Last Comments on NFS
  110. Understanding SMB
  111. Summary
  112. 16. Secure Programming Techniques
  113. One Bug Can Ruin Your Whole Day . . .
  114. Tips on Avoiding Security-Related Bugs
  115. Tips on Writing Network Programs
  116. Tips on Writing SUID/SGID Programs
  117. Using chroot( )
  118. Tips on Using Passwords
  119. Tips on Generating Random Numbers
  120. Summary
  121. IV. Secure Operations
  122. 17. Keeping Up to Date
  123. Software Management Systems
  124. Updating System Software
  125. Summary
  126. 18. Backups
  127. Why Make Backups?
  128. Backing Up System Files
  129. Software for Backups
  130. Summary
  131. 19. Defending Accounts
  132. Dangerous Accounts
  133. Monitoring File Format
  134. Restricting Logins
  135. Managing Dormant Accounts
  136. Protecting the root Account
  137. One-Time Passwords
  138. Administrative Techniques for Conventional Passwords
  139. Intrusion Detection Systems
  140. Summary
  141. 20. Integrity Management
  142. The Need for Integrity
  143. Protecting Integrity
  144. Detecting Changes After the Fact
  145. Integrity-Checking Tools
  146. Summary
  147. 21. Auditing, Logging, and Forensics
  148. Unix Log File Utilities
  149. Process Accounting: The acct/pacct File
  150. Program-Specific Log Files
  151. Designing a Site-Wide Log Policy
  152. Handwritten Logs
  153. Managing Log Files
  154. Unix Forensics
  155. Summary
  156. V. Handling Security Incidents
  157. 22. Discovering a Break-in
  158. Prelude
  159. Discovering an Intruder
  160. Cleaning Up After the Intruder
  161. Case Studies
  162. Summary
  163. 23. Protecting Against Programmed Threats
  164. Programmed Threats: Definitions
  165. Damage
  166. Authors
  167. Entry
  168. Protecting Yourself
  169. Preventing Attacks
  170. Summary
  171. 24. Denial of Service Attacks and Solutions
  172. Types of Attacks
  173. Destructive Attacks
  174. Overload Attacks
  175. Network Denial of Service Attacks
  176. Summary
  177. 25. Computer Crime
  178. Your Legal Options After a Break-in
  179. Criminal Hazards
  180. Criminal Subject Matter
  181. Summary
  182. 26. Who Do You Trust?
  183. Can You Trust Your Computer?
  184. Can You Trust Your Suppliers?
  185. Can You Trust People?
  186. Summary
  187. VI. Appendixes
  188. A. Unix Security Checklist
  189. Preface
  190. Chapter 1: Introduction: Some Fundamental Questions
  191. Chapter 2: Unix History and Lineage
  192. Chapter 3: Policies and Guidelines
  193. Chapter 4: Users, Passwords, and Authentication
  194. Chapter 5: Users, Groups, and the Superuser
  195. Chapter 6: Filesystems and Security
  196. Chapter 7: Cryptography Basics
  197. Chapter 8: Physical Security for Servers
  198. Chapter 9: Personnel Security
  199. Chapter 10: Modems and Dialup Security
  200. Chapter 11: TCP/IP Networks
  201. Chapter 12: Securing TCP and UDP Services
  202. Chapter 13: Sun RPC
  203. Chapter 14: Network-Based Authentication Systems
  204. Chapter 15: Network Filesystems
  205. Chapter 16: Secure Programming Techniques
  206. Chapter 17: Keeping Up to Date
  207. Chapter 18: Backups
  208. Chapter 19: Defending Accounts
  209. Chapter 20: Integrity Management
  210. Chapter 21: Auditing, Logging, and Forensics
  211. Chapter 22: Discovering a Break-In
  212. Chapter 23: Protecting Against Programmed Threats
  213. Chapter 24: Denial of Service Attacks and Solutions
  214. Chapter 25: Computer Crime
  215. Chapter 26: Who Do You Trust?
  216. Appendix A: Unix Security Checklist
  217. Appendix B: Unix Processes
  218. Appendixes C, D, and E: Paper Sources, Electronic Sources, and Organizations
  219. B. Unix Processes
  220. About Processes
  221. Signals
  222. Controlling and Examining Processes
  223. Starting Up Unix and Logging In
  224. C. Paper Sources
  225. Unix Security References
  226. Other Computer References
  227. D. Electronic Resources
  228. Mailing Lists
  229. Web Sites
  230. Usenet Groups
  231. Software Resources
  232. E. Organizations
  233. Professional Organizations
  234. U.S. Government Organizations
  235. Emergency Response Organizations
  236. Index
  237. Index
  238. Index
  239. Index
  240. Index
  241. Index
  242. Index
  243. Index
  244. Index
  245. Index
  246. Index
  247. Index
  248. Index
  249. Index
  250. Index
  251. Index
  252. Index
  253. Index
  254. Index
  255. Index
  256. Index
  257. Index
  258. Index
  259. Index
  260. Index
  261. Index
  262. Index
  263. About the Authors
  264. Colophon
  265. Copyright

H

hacker challenges, Hacker Challenges
The Hacker Crackdown: Law and Disorder on the Electronic Frontier (Sterling, Bruce), Understanding the Computer Security “Culture”
hackers, Introduction: Some Fundamental Questions, Introduction: Some Fundamental Questions, “Reformed” hackers
(see also intruders)
as security consultants, “Reformed” hackers
Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution (Levy, Steven), Understanding the Computer Security “Culture”
Hafner, Katie (Cyberpunk: Outlaws and Hackers on the Computer Frontier), Understanding the Computer Security “Culture”
Haley, Chuck, Unix escapes AT&T
Halon gas, Fire
halt command, Accounts That Run a Single Command
handheld computers, What the Future Holds
Harbison, Samuel P. (C, a Reference Manual), Unix Programming and System Administration
hard disks, Using quotas (see disk drives)
hard links, Directories and links (see links)
hardcopy device, Logging to a printer (see printers)
hardcopy of log files, Logging to a printer, Never Trust Anything Except Hardcopy, Never Trust Anything Except Hardcopy
(see also media, printed)
hardware, Secure Terminals: Limiting Where the Superuser Can Log In, Problems with SUID, The Disaster Recovery Plan, Protecting Computer Hardware, Protecting Against Environmental DangersEnvironmental monitoring, Earthquakes, Extreme temperatures, Controlling Physical Access, Preventing TheftEncryption, Locks, Tagging, Protecting Local StorageFunction keys, Unattended Terminals, Auditing Access, Auditing Access, Modems and Dialup SecurityAdditional Security for Modems, The Role of Backups, The Role of Backups, Keep your tape drives clean, Verify the backup, Individual Workstation, Secure Terminals, Read-Only FilesystemsRead-Only Filesystems, Informational material, Getting Rid of the Intruder, World-readable backup devices, Destructive Attacks, Destructive Attacks, Destructive Attacks, Can You Trust Your Computer?What the Superuser Can and Cannot Do, Hardware Bugs, Hardware Bugs
(see also devices; disk drives; laptops)
auditing user access to, Auditing Access
backing up, Individual Workstation (see backups)
bugs in, Hardware Bugs
cables, cutting as destructive attack, Destructive Attacks
environmental dangers affecting, Protecting Against Environmental DangersEnvironmental monitoring
failure of, The Role of Backups
importance of protecting, Protecting Computer Hardware
local storage of secondary equipment, Protecting Local StorageFunction keys
locking, Locks
logging information about, Informational material
modems, Modems and Dialup SecurityAdditional Security for Modems
physical access to, Controlling Physical Access, Auditing Access
placement of, Earthquakes
power loss, as destructive attack, Destructive Attacks
read-only protection, Read-Only FilesystemsRead-Only Filesystems
tagging, Tagging
tape drives, Keep your tape drives clean, Verify the backup, World-readable backup devices
temperature effects on, Extreme temperatures
terminals, Secure Terminals: Limiting Where the Superuser Can Log In, Problems with SUID, Unattended Terminals, Secure Terminals
secure, Secure Terminals: Limiting Where the Superuser Can Log In, Secure Terminals
unattended, Problems with SUID, Unattended Terminals
theft of, The Disaster Recovery Plan, Preventing TheftEncryption, The Role of Backups
trusting, Can You Trust Your Computer?What the Superuser Can and Cannot Do, Hardware Bugs
unplugging to get rid of intruder, Getting Rid of the Intruder
hardware tokens, One-Time Passwords
hash functions, Message Digest Functions (see message digest functions)
hash mark (#), Conventions Used in This Book, Primary Unix Network Services
disabling services with, Primary Unix Network Services
Unix superuser prompt, Conventions Used in This Book
Hash Message Authentication Code (HMAC), HMAC
Hawking, Stephen W. (A Brief History of Time: From the Big Bang to Black Holes), Miscellaneous References
header, packet, IP: The Internet Protocol
Hein, Trent R. (UNIX System Administration Handbook), Unix Programming and System Administration
Hellman, Martin E., Public Key Algorithms, Cryptography Papers and Other Publications, Cryptography Papers and Other Publications, Cryptography Papers and Other Publications
“Hiding Information and Signatures in Trap Door Knapsacks”, Cryptography Papers and Other Publications
“New Directions in Cryptography”, Cryptography Papers and Other Publications
“On the Security of Multiple Encryption”, Cryptography Papers and Other Publications
HELO command, SMTP, Security concerns with SMTP banners and commands
HELP command, SMTP, Security concerns with SMTP banners and commands, Security concerns with SMTP banners and commands
HF200 gas, Fire
HFS filesystem, The Virtual Filesystem Interface
HFS+ filesystem, The Virtual Filesystem Interface
hidden files, Exploring with the ls Command, Hidden files and directoriesHidden files and directories
created by intruders, Hidden files and directoriesHidden files and directories
listing, Exploring with the ls Command
hidden space, Hidden space
High Technology Crimes Investigation Association (HTCIA), High Technology Crimes Investigation Association (HTCIA)
hijacking Telnet sessions, Telnet (TCP Port 23)
Hinsley, F. H. (Code Breakers: The Inside Story of Bletchley Park), Cryptography Books
historical accounts, Finding Dormant Accounts
history files, Shell History
hit lists of passwords, Bad Passwords: Open Doors
HMAC (Hash Message Authentication Code), HMAC
Hoffman, Lance J., Computer Viruses and Programmed Threats, Cryptography Books
Building in Big Brother: The Cryptographic Policy Debate, Cryptography Books
Rogue Programs: Viruses, Worms and Trojan Horses, Computer Viruses and Programmed Threats
holes, security, Keeping Secrets (see security holes)
home directories, Current Directory and Paths, Primary Unix Network Services
HOME variable, attacks through, $HOME attacks
The Honeynet Project, Keeping Up to Date
honeypots, Decoy Systems
host authentication, SSH, Host authentication with SSHHost authentication with SSH
host command, Looking up information by IP address
host-based firewall program, Controlling Access to Servers, Using a Host-Based Packet Firewall
host-based IDS, Intrusion Detection Systems
hostnames, HostnamesThe /etc/hosts file, Format of the hostname, Name ServiceOther naming services, Controlling Access to Servers, Domain Name System (DNS) (TCP and UDP Port 53)
controlling access to, Controlling Access to Servers
determining from IP addresses, Domain Name System (DNS) (TCP and UDP Port 53)
name service and, Name ServiceOther naming services
underscore character in, Format of the hostname
hosts, IP: The Internet Protocol, Trusted hosts and users/etc/hosts.lpd file, Monitoring Your Host with netstatLimitation of netstat and lsof, Creating passwords for hosts
monitoring with netstat, Monitoring Your Host with netstatLimitation of netstat and lsof
NIS passwords for, Creating passwords for hosts
trusted, Trusted hosts and users/etc/hosts.lpd file
hosts file, The /etc/hosts file, Name Service
Hosts table (NIS+), NIS+ Tables and Other Objects
hosts.allow file, What TCP Wrappers does, The TCP Wrappers configuration language, The TCP Wrappers configuration language
hosts.deny file, What TCP Wrappers does, The TCP Wrappers configuration language, The TCP Wrappers configuration language
hosts.equiv file, Specifying trusted hosts with /etc/hosts.equiv and ~/.rhosts, Changes to the /etc/hosts.equiv file, Changes to the /etc/hosts.equiv file
hosts.lpd file, /etc/hosts.lpd file
Hoyt, D. B. (Computer Security Handbook), General Computer Security
HTCIA (High Technology Crimes Investigation Association), High Technology Crimes Investigation Association (HTCIA)
HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol), Networking and Unix, TCP, HTTP, HTTPS: HyperText Transfer Protocol (TCP Ports 80, 443)
http group, The /etc/group file
http user, Users and Groups
HTTPS (secure HTTP), TCP, HTTP, HTTPS: HyperText Transfer Protocol (TCP Ports 80, 443)
humidity, Humidity
Hunt, A. E. (Computer Security Handbook), General Computer Security
Hunt, Craig (TCP/IP Network Administration), Network Technology and Security
hybrid public/private cryptosystems, Cryptographic Algorithms and Functions
Hypertext Transfer Protocol, HTTP, HTTPS: HyperText Transfer Protocol (TCP Ports 80, 443) (see HTTP)