Table of Contents for
Practical UNIX and Internet Security, 3rd Edition

Version ebook / Retour

Cover image for bash Cookbook, 2nd Edition Practical UNIX and Internet Security, 3rd Edition by Alan Schwartz Published by O'Reilly Media, Inc., 2003
  1. Cover
  2. Practical Unix & Internet Security, 3rd Edition
  3. A Note Regarding Supplemental Files
  4. Preface
  5. Unix “Security”?
  6. Scope of This Book
  7. Which Unix System?
  8. Conventions Used in This Book
  9. Comments and Questions
  10. Acknowledgments
  11. A Note to Would-Be Attackers
  12. I. Computer Security Basics
  13. 1. Introduction: Some Fundamental Questions
  14. What Is Computer Security?
  15. What Is an Operating System?
  16. What Is a Deployment Environment?
  17. Summary
  18. 2. Unix History and Lineage
  19. History of Unix
  20. Security and Unix
  21. Role of This Book
  22. Summary
  23. 3. Policies and Guidelines
  24. Planning Your Security Needs
  25. Risk Assessment
  26. Cost-Benefit Analysis and Best Practices
  27. Policy
  28. Compliance Audits
  29. Outsourcing Options
  30. The Problem with Security Through Obscurity
  31. Summary
  32. II. Security Building Blocks
  33. 4. Users, Passwords, and Authentication
  34. Logging in with Usernames and Passwords
  35. The Care and Feeding of Passwords
  36. How Unix Implements Passwords
  37. Network Account and Authorization Systems
  38. Pluggable Authentication Modules (PAM)
  39. Summary
  40. 5. Users, Groups, and the Superuser
  41. Users and Groups
  42. The Superuser (root)
  43. The su Command: Changing Who You Claim to Be
  44. Restrictions on the Superuser
  45. Summary
  46. 6. Filesystems and Security
  47. Understanding Filesystems
  48. File Attributes and Permissions
  49. chmod: Changing a File’s Permissions
  50. The umask
  51. SUID and SGID
  52. Device Files
  53. Changing a File’s Owner or Group
  54. Summary
  55. 7. Cryptography Basics
  56. Understanding Cryptography
  57. Symmetric Key Algorithms
  58. Public Key Algorithms
  59. Message Digest Functions
  60. Summary
  61. 8. Physical Security for Servers
  62. Planning for the Forgotten Threats
  63. Protecting Computer Hardware
  64. Preventing Theft
  65. Protecting Your Data
  66. Story: A Failed Site Inspection
  67. Summary
  68. 9. Personnel Security
  69. Background Checks
  70. On the Job
  71. Departure
  72. Other People
  73. Summary
  74. III. Network and Internet Security
  75. 10. Modems and Dialup Security
  76. Modems: Theory of Operation
  77. Modems and Security
  78. Modems and Unix
  79. Additional Security for Modems
  80. Summary
  81. 11. TCP/IP Networks
  82. Networking
  83. IP: The Internet Protocol
  84. IP Security
  85. Summary
  86. 12. Securing TCP and UDP Services
  87. Understanding Unix Internet Servers and Services
  88. Controlling Access to Servers
  89. Primary Unix Network Services
  90. Managing Services Securely
  91. Putting It All Together: An Example
  92. Summary
  93. 13. Sun RPC
  94. Remote Procedure Call (RPC)
  95. Secure RPC (AUTH_DES)
  96. Summary
  97. 14. Network-Based Authentication Systems
  98. Sun’s Network Information Service (NIS)
  99. Sun’s NIS+
  100. Kerberos
  101. LDAP
  102. Other Network Authentication Systems
  103. Summary
  104. 15. Network Filesystems
  105. Understanding NFS
  106. Server-Side NFS Security
  107. Client-Side NFS Security
  108. Improving NFS Security
  109. Some Last Comments on NFS
  110. Understanding SMB
  111. Summary
  112. 16. Secure Programming Techniques
  113. One Bug Can Ruin Your Whole Day . . .
  114. Tips on Avoiding Security-Related Bugs
  115. Tips on Writing Network Programs
  116. Tips on Writing SUID/SGID Programs
  117. Using chroot( )
  118. Tips on Using Passwords
  119. Tips on Generating Random Numbers
  120. Summary
  121. IV. Secure Operations
  122. 17. Keeping Up to Date
  123. Software Management Systems
  124. Updating System Software
  125. Summary
  126. 18. Backups
  127. Why Make Backups?
  128. Backing Up System Files
  129. Software for Backups
  130. Summary
  131. 19. Defending Accounts
  132. Dangerous Accounts
  133. Monitoring File Format
  134. Restricting Logins
  135. Managing Dormant Accounts
  136. Protecting the root Account
  137. One-Time Passwords
  138. Administrative Techniques for Conventional Passwords
  139. Intrusion Detection Systems
  140. Summary
  141. 20. Integrity Management
  142. The Need for Integrity
  143. Protecting Integrity
  144. Detecting Changes After the Fact
  145. Integrity-Checking Tools
  146. Summary
  147. 21. Auditing, Logging, and Forensics
  148. Unix Log File Utilities
  149. Process Accounting: The acct/pacct File
  150. Program-Specific Log Files
  151. Designing a Site-Wide Log Policy
  152. Handwritten Logs
  153. Managing Log Files
  154. Unix Forensics
  155. Summary
  156. V. Handling Security Incidents
  157. 22. Discovering a Break-in
  158. Prelude
  159. Discovering an Intruder
  160. Cleaning Up After the Intruder
  161. Case Studies
  162. Summary
  163. 23. Protecting Against Programmed Threats
  164. Programmed Threats: Definitions
  165. Damage
  166. Authors
  167. Entry
  168. Protecting Yourself
  169. Preventing Attacks
  170. Summary
  171. 24. Denial of Service Attacks and Solutions
  172. Types of Attacks
  173. Destructive Attacks
  174. Overload Attacks
  175. Network Denial of Service Attacks
  176. Summary
  177. 25. Computer Crime
  178. Your Legal Options After a Break-in
  179. Criminal Hazards
  180. Criminal Subject Matter
  181. Summary
  182. 26. Who Do You Trust?
  183. Can You Trust Your Computer?
  184. Can You Trust Your Suppliers?
  185. Can You Trust People?
  186. Summary
  187. VI. Appendixes
  188. A. Unix Security Checklist
  189. Preface
  190. Chapter 1: Introduction: Some Fundamental Questions
  191. Chapter 2: Unix History and Lineage
  192. Chapter 3: Policies and Guidelines
  193. Chapter 4: Users, Passwords, and Authentication
  194. Chapter 5: Users, Groups, and the Superuser
  195. Chapter 6: Filesystems and Security
  196. Chapter 7: Cryptography Basics
  197. Chapter 8: Physical Security for Servers
  198. Chapter 9: Personnel Security
  199. Chapter 10: Modems and Dialup Security
  200. Chapter 11: TCP/IP Networks
  201. Chapter 12: Securing TCP and UDP Services
  202. Chapter 13: Sun RPC
  203. Chapter 14: Network-Based Authentication Systems
  204. Chapter 15: Network Filesystems
  205. Chapter 16: Secure Programming Techniques
  206. Chapter 17: Keeping Up to Date
  207. Chapter 18: Backups
  208. Chapter 19: Defending Accounts
  209. Chapter 20: Integrity Management
  210. Chapter 21: Auditing, Logging, and Forensics
  211. Chapter 22: Discovering a Break-In
  212. Chapter 23: Protecting Against Programmed Threats
  213. Chapter 24: Denial of Service Attacks and Solutions
  214. Chapter 25: Computer Crime
  215. Chapter 26: Who Do You Trust?
  216. Appendix A: Unix Security Checklist
  217. Appendix B: Unix Processes
  218. Appendixes C, D, and E: Paper Sources, Electronic Sources, and Organizations
  219. B. Unix Processes
  220. About Processes
  221. Signals
  222. Controlling and Examining Processes
  223. Starting Up Unix and Logging In
  224. C. Paper Sources
  225. Unix Security References
  226. Other Computer References
  227. D. Electronic Resources
  228. Mailing Lists
  229. Web Sites
  230. Usenet Groups
  231. Software Resources
  232. E. Organizations
  233. Professional Organizations
  234. U.S. Government Organizations
  235. Emergency Response Organizations
  236. Index
  237. Index
  238. Index
  239. Index
  240. Index
  241. Index
  242. Index
  243. Index
  244. Index
  245. Index
  246. Index
  247. Index
  248. Index
  249. Index
  250. Index
  251. Index
  252. Index
  253. Index
  254. Index
  255. Index
  256. Index
  257. Index
  258. Index
  259. Index
  260. Index
  261. Index
  262. Index
  263. About the Authors
  264. Colophon
  265. Copyright

Professional Organizations

You may find the following organizations helpful. The first few provide newsletters, training, and conferences. FIRST organizations may be able to provide assistance in an emergency.

Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)

The Association for Computing Machinery is the oldest of the professional computer science organizations. It publishes many scholarly journals and annually sponsors dozens of research and community-oriented conferences and workshops. The ACM also is involved with issues of education, professional development, and scientific progress. It has a number of special interest groups (SIGs) that are concerned with security and computer use. These include the SIGs on Security, Audit, and Control; the SIG on Operating Systems; the SIG on Computers and Society; and the SIG on Software Engineering.

Contact the ACM at:

ACM Headquarters
One Astor Plaza
1515 Broadway
17th Floor
New York, New York 10036-5701
(212) 869-7440

The ACM has an extensive set of electronic resources, including information on its conferences and special interest groups. The information provided through its web site is especially comprehensive and well-organized:

http://www.acm.org

The ACM has a U.S. Public Policy committee that comments on pending legislation affecting security, privacy, and usability. Many of the items it is concerned with should also be of concern to those interested in security. Its web site is at:

http://www.acm.org/usacm/

American Society for Industrial Security (ASIS)

The American Society for Industrial Security is a professional organization for those working in the security field. ASIS has been in existence for 40 years and has 32,000 members worldwide as of 2002. Its 25 standing committees focus on particular areas of security, including computer security. The group publishes a monthly magazine devoted to security and loss management. ASIS also sponsors meetings and other group activities. Membership is open only to individuals involved with security at a management level.

Contact ASIS at:

American Society for Industrial Security
1625 Prince Street
Alexandria, Virginia 22314-2818
(703) 519-6200
http://www.asisonline.org/

Computer Security Institute (CSI)

The Computer Security Institute was established in 1974 as a multiservice organization dedicated to helping its members safeguard their electronic data processing resources. CSI sponsors workshops and conferences on security, publishes a research journal and a newsletter devoted to computer security, and serves as a clearinghouse for security information. The Institute offers many other services to members and the community on a for-profit basis. Of particular use is an annual Computer Security Buyer’s Guide that lists sources of software, literature, and security consulting.

Contact CSI at:

Computer Security Institute
600 Harrison Street
San Francisco, CA 94107
(415) 947-6320
http://www.gocsi.com

Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF)

EFF advocates and litigates for civil liberties and freedom on the Internet. Although its concerns are considerably broader than security, EFF maintains an interesting archive of privacy- and security-related documents at http://www.eff.org/Privacy.

Contact EFF at:

Electronic Frontier Foundation
454 Shotwell Street
San Francisco, CA 94110-1914
(415) 436-9333
http://www.eff.org/Privacy

Electronic Privacy Information Center (EPIC)

EPIC is a public-interest research center that studies electronic privacy issues. EPIC litigates and advocates for privacy and civil liberties.

Contact EPIC at:

1718 Connecticut Avenue, NW, Suite 200
Washington, DC 20009
(202) 483-1140
Email:
http://www.epic.org

High Technology Crimes Investigation Association (HTCIA)

The HTCIA is a professional organization for individuals involved with the investigation and prosecution of high-technology crime, including computer crime. There are chapters throughout the United States and in many other countries.

Contact HTCIA at:

HTCIA, Inc.
1474 Freeman Dr.
Amissville, VA 20106
(540) 937-5019
http://htcia.org

Information Systems Security Association (ISSA)

The ISSA is an international organization of information security professionals and practitioners. It provides education forums, publications, and peer interaction opportunities that enhance the knowledge, skill, and professional growth of its members. They publish a magazine and sponsor conferences and workshops. Chapters can be found throughout the U.S. and around the world.

Contact ISSA at:

ISSA Headquarters
7044 S. 13th Street
Oak Creek, WI 53154
(414) 768-8000
(800) 370-ISSA
http://www.issa.org

International Information Systems Security Certification Consortium, Inc.

The (ISC)2 is an international organization that supervises the CISSP and SSCP professional certifications. The Certified Information Systems Security Professional and Systems Security Certified Practitioner designations are widely accepted as standard levels of certification of those working in security. The organization requires certificants to subscribe to a professional code of conduct and undergo continuing education after passing the initial tests.

Contact (ISC)2 at:

(ISC)2 Services
P.O. Box 1117
Nestor House
17/F., Printing House
Dunedin, FL 34697 USA
(ISC)2 Europe Operations
Playhouse Yard
6 Duddell Street
London UK EC4V 5EX
(ISC)2 Asia Operations
Central Hong Kong
1 888 333 4458
44 (0) 20 7779 8030
852 2111 6612

(ISC)2’s web site is at:

http://www.isc2.org

The Internet Society

The Internet Society sponsors many activities and events related to the Internet, including an annual symposium on network security.

Information is available at the Society’s U.S. or European headquarters at:

1775 Wiehle Ave., Suite 102
Reston, VA 20190-5108
(703) 326-9880
4, rue des Falaises
CH-1205 Geneva
Switzerland
41-22-807-1444

The Society can also be contacted electronically at:

Email:
http://www.isoc.org

IEEE Computer Society

With nearly 100,000 members, the Computer Society is the largest society of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). It too is involved with scholarly publications, conferences and workshops, professional education, technical standards, and other activities designed to promote the theory and practice of computer science and engineering. The IEEE-CS also has special-interest groups, including a Technical Committee on Security and Privacy, a Technical Committee on Operating Systems, and a Technical Committee on Software Engineering.

Contact the Computer Society at:

IEEE Computer Society
1730 Massachusetts Avenue N.W.
Washington, DC 20036-1992
(202) 371-0101
http://www.computer.org

The Computer Society’s Technical Committee on Security and Privacy has a number of resources, including an online newsletter at:

http://www.ieee-security.org/

IFIP, Technical Committee 11

The International Federation for Information Processing, Technical Committee 11, is devoted to research, education, and communication about information systems security. The working groups of the committee sponsor various activities, including conferences, throughout the world.

Contact the committee at:

http://www.ifip.org

(Follow the links for security or for TC 11.)

Systems Administration and Network Security (SANS)

SANS conducts workshops and conferences around the U.S. to provide continuing education in various aspects of system administration and security. This includes training in intrusion detection, firewalls, and general security. The organization also provides various online newsletters and alerts, plus some self-paced instruction.

Contact SANS and get more information via their web site at:

http://www.sans.org

USENIX/SAGE

The USENIX Association is a nonprofit education organization for users of Unix and Unix-like systems. The Association publishes a magazine, sponsors numerous conferences, and has representatives on international standards bodies. The Association sponsors an annual workshop on Unix security and another on systems administration, plus many conferences dealing with security-related information.

SAGE stands for the Systems Administrators Guild. It is a special technical group of the USENIX Association. To join SAGE, you must also be a member of USENIX.

Contact USENIX and SAGE at:

USENIX Association
2560 Ninth Street
Suite 215
Berkeley, CA 94710
(510) 528-8649
Email:
http://www.usenix.org