A fresh installation of Drupal contains a number of field types that are ready to use, and a few that first need to be enabled in order to be used:

GENERAL FIELDS:

• Boolean: Can have only two values, such as Yes/No, On/Off or, with one value being understood, such as Completed. This is commonly represented by a checkbox
• Date: Displays a date in whatever format is configured
• Email: Accepts text formatted as a valid email address
• Link: Accepts text formatted as a valid URL and the text that will be clicked
• Timestamp: A long numeric value that stores a date, time, and time zone

NUMERIC FIELDS:

• Number (decimal): A value that can have numerals before and after the decimal point
• Number (integer): A value that contains no fractional portion
• Number (float): A value that requires a large number of decimal positions and great precision
• List (float): A floating point number that must match one from a list of values
• List (integer): An integer value that must match one from a list of values

REFERENCE FIELDS (fields that refer to other content):

• Content: A reference to another piece of content, of one of the content types configured for use with the field
• Comments: Used for accepting comments about the content
• File: A reference to a file that was uploaded to the system, such as a PDF
• Image: A reference to an uploaded image, such as a JPG or PNG
• Taxonomy term: A value or set group of information among others of a common category (taxonomy), such as tags, countries, months, and so on
• User: A reference to a user account
• Other: A reference to a custom type of entity (other than those mentioned previously)

TEXT FIELDS:

• List (text): A text field whose value must be one of a provided list
• Text (formatted): Text of a short length that can be formatted, such as being bold, italic, and so on
• Text (formatted, long, with summary): Text that can be formatted, lengthy, and can have a separate summary for use as an abbreviated teaser
• Text (plain): A short piece of text that will not have any formatting
• Text (plain, long): Text that will not have any formatting and can be lengthy

FIELDS REQUIRING ENABLING:

• Address: An address field that can be configured based on the country to which the address applies and the fields desired
• Computed Field: A field that can be tied to programming to determine a certain value
• Datetime Range: Stores a beginning and ending date in whichever format is needed
• Entity Reference Revisions: Provides a reference to an entity and also provides for the storing of revisions whenever the entity is modified
• Simple Google Maps: Provides the ability to display a link to a Google map or a one-line address as a Google map
• Telephone: For holding a validly formatted phone number

These are the fields that are available from a new Drupal installation. As additional modules are added, this list can grow.