Let's summarize the takeaway points:

• We should design lock-free threads when possible
• Lock-free threads tend to perform better compared to heavily synchronized/sequential threads
• Mutex is a mutually exclusive synchronization primitive
• Mutex helps synchronize the access of shared resources, one thread at a time
• Deadlocks occur due to bad use of mutex, or in general, due to bad use of any synchronization primitives
• Deadlocks are the outcome of logical or design issues
• Deadlocks can be detected with the Helgrind/Valgrind open source tools in Unix and Linux OS