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Ubuntu: Up and Running
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Ubuntu: Up and Running
by Robin Nixon
Published by O'Reilly Media, Inc., 2010
Cover
Ubuntu: Up and Running
Ubuntu: Up and Running
Dedication
Foreword
Preface
1. About Ubuntu
2. Installing and Upgrading Ubuntu
3. Configuring
4. The Desktop: Accessing Applications and Features
5. The Filesystem, File Attributes, and Permissions
6. The Nautilus File Browser
7. The Command Line
8. Installing and Removing Software
9. System Maintenance and Security
10. Networking Ubuntu
11. The Internet
12. Using OpenOffice.org
13. Playing Games
14. Pictures, Sound, and Video
15. Other Ubuntu Distributions
16. Using Wine
Index
About the Author
Colophon
Copyright
Ubuntu: Up and Running
Table of Contents
Dedication
Foreword
Preface
Audience
Assumptions This Book Makes
Organization of This Book
Supporting Books
Conventions Used in This Book
Using Code Examples
How to Contact Us
Safari® Books Online
Acknowledgments
1. About Ubuntu
Why Ubuntu?
The Parts That Make Up Ubuntu
Debian
GNU
The Linux Kernel
Tux
Linux Distributions
Ubuntu Versions
X Window System
Linux Desktop Environments
GNOME
KDE
Xfce
Linux Packages
The Ubuntu Community
Ubuntu Versions
Things You See
Things You Don’t See
Summary
2. Installing and Upgrading Ubuntu
The Live DVD
The Main Menu
The Function Key Options
Starting the Live DVD
Alternative Editions
About the MD5 Hashes
Downloading a Distribution
Burning a CD or DVD
Using Active ISO Burner for Windows
Burning an ISO Image Using OS X
Burning an ISO Image Using Ubuntu
Burning to a Thumb Drive
Virtual Installation
Microsoft Virtual PC
VMware
Sun VirtualBox
Getting started
Creating a virtual machine
Running a virtual machine
Other Virtualizers
Full Installation
Installing Ubuntu Under Windows
Performing the installation
Important considerations
Installing Ubuntu As a Standalone OS
Sharing the hard disk
Using the entire hard disk
Entering your user details
After rebooting
Dual- and multi-boot setups
Recovery mode
Memory testing
What’s New in 10.04
Upgrading to New Releases
Installing from CD
Upgrading an Existing Installation
Upgrade availability
Skipping versions
What’s New in 10.04
Summary
3. Configuring
Keyboard
General
Layouts
Accessibility
Mouse Keys
Typing Break
Keyboard Shortcuts
Mouse
General
Accessibility
Graphics
Display Preferences
Sun VirtualBox
Sound
Sound Effects
Hardware
Input
Output
Applications
PulseAudio
Basic Networking
Wired Connections
Installing suitable drivers
Wireless Connections
Using an Ethernet Bridge
Printing
Finding Unreported Printers
Other Printers
TV Tuners
Restarting and Setup
Capture Cards
Video Sources
Input Connections
Running MythTV
Webcams
USB Media
What’s New in 10.04
Summary
4. The Desktop: Accessing Applications and Features
Logging In
Language
Keyboard
Sessions
Accessibility
Desktop Layout
The Applications Menu
The Places Menu
The Home Folder group
The Storage Devices group
The Network group
The Search for Files… and Recent Documents groups
The System Menu
Preferences
Administration
The bottom three menu entries
The Top-Left Icons
The Quit Button
Set Status
Lock Screen
Guest Session
Switch User…
Log Out…
Suspend
Hibernate
Restart
Shutdown
What’s new in 10.04
The Remaining Top-Right Icons
The date and time
New mail
Sound volume
Bluetooth
Network connection
The Bottom-Right Icons
The Trash
The workspace switcher
The Bottom Panel
Show desktop
Personalization
Appearance
Theme
Background
Fonts
Interface
What’s new in 10.04
Visual effects
Managing Panels
Adding an item to a panel
Removing an item from a panel
Moving an item within a panel
Changing a launcher’s icon
Adding a drawer
Changing a drawer’s icon
Adding a menu to a panel
Hiding a panel
Other panel properties
Editing Menus
Changing menu entry icons
Moving and deleting entries
Adding new menus and items
The Desktop Itself
Creating Folders, Launchers, and Files
Managing Desktop Icons
Adding New Users
What’s New in 10.04
Summary
5. The Filesystem, File Attributes, and Permissions
The Directory Tree
Case Sensitivity and Special Characters
Mounting Media
Drive Mounting
Mounting ISO Files
Mounting Network Folders
Unmounting
Hidden Files and Folders
Symbolic Links
File Extensions
File Permissions
Users and Groups
Managing Users
Managing Groups
Other File Attributes
The Trash
Summary
6. The Nautilus File Browser
Opening Files and Folders
Dragging and Dropping
Copying Files and Folders
Copying with External Media
Selecting Files and Folders
Lassoing Items
Individually Selecting Items
Selecting Items in Sequence
Selecting All Items
Moving or Deleting with Selections
Opening Multiple Items
Opening multiple folders
Using Tabs
Deselecting
Zooming In and Out
The File Browser Menus
File Menu
Edit Menu
Backgrounds and Emblems…
Other Features of the File Manager
Preferences
Edit
→
Preferences
→
Views
Edit
→
Preferences
→
Behavior
Edit
→
Preferences
→
Display
Edit
→
Preferences
→
List Columns
Edit
→
Preferences
→
Preview
Edit
→
Preferences
→
Media
Media Handling
Other Media
The View Menu
The Go Menu
The Bookmarks Menu
The Tabs Menu
Help
Context Menus
Template Files
The Toolbars
The Main Toolbar
The Location Bar
Configuration Editor
What’s New in 10.04
Summary
7. The Command Line
The Terminal
Bash
The Command-Line Editor
Bash Commands
The cd, pwd, and ls Commands
The cp and mkdir Commands
The mv Command
Renaming items
Moving items
The diff Command
The find Command
What’s new in 10.04
The cat and more Commands
The grep Command
The rm and rmdir Commands
The wc Command
Using man
Absolute and Relative Paths
Using Quotation Marks
The PATH Environment Variable
Using the . Operator
Other Environment Variables
Alternative Shells
Using Nano to Edit Files
Shell Scripts
Using Backticks
Using Pipes
Using Redirection
Redirecting Output
Redirecting Input
The Difference Between Pipes and Redirections
Appending to Files
Standard Input, Output, and Error
Streams and Handles
Redirecting One Stream to Another
The tee Command
Wildcards, Sets, and Brace Expansion
Using Sets and Ranges
Using Brace Expansion
Using Aliases
File Compression
Extracting Files
File and Folder Permissions
The Owner, Group, and World Attributes
Using chmod
Using chown
Using chgrp
Using sudo
Logging in As root
System Processes
Killing and Restarting Processes from the Command Line
Summary
8. Installing and Removing Software
The Ubuntu Software Center
Installing a Program
Removing a Program
Advanced Features
The Ubuntu Software Tab
Canonical-supported and community-maintained software
Proprietary drivers
Software restricted by copyright
Source code
Download from
The Other Software Tab
The Updates Tab
Ubuntu updates
Automatic updates
Release upgrade
The Authentication Tab
The Statistics Tab
The View Menu
The Remaining Menus
The Synaptic Package Manager
Installing a Program
Marking a program for installation
Activating the installation process
Using Search to Install a Program
Removing a Program
Other Synaptic Options
Synaptic’s Menus
The File Menu
The Edit Menu
The Package Menu
The Settings Menu
The Help Menu
Using Aptitude
Using apt-get
Updating the package index
Upgrading packages
Searching for packages
Installing a package
Removing a package
Getting help
Summary
9. System Maintenance and Security
System Maintenance
Preferences
Power Management
The On AC Power tab
The On Battery Power tab
The General tab
Preferred Applications
The Internet tab
The Multimedia tab
The System tab
The Accessibility tab
Startup Applications
Remember current applications
Windows
Window Selection
Titlebar Action
Movement Key
Administration
Computer Janitor
Login Screen
Creating a password-free system
System Monitor
The System tab
The Processes tab
The Resources tab
The File Systems tab
The menus
System Testing
Alpha and Beta Releases
System Security
Passwords
Root Access
Physical Access
Firewall
Use Reliable Sources
Don’t Use Untrusted Commands
Updating
Viruses and Malware
Browsers and Email Clients
Wine
Summary
10. Networking Ubuntu
Remote Desktop
Enabling the VNC Server
The remaining options
Connecting to the VNC Server
Using Ubuntu
The View menu
Fullscreen mode
Using Windows
Using Mac OS X
VNC Desktop Resolutions
Using VNC over the Internet
Controlling Multiple Local Computers
Using Shared Folders
Sharing Your Folders
Sharing folders on other operating systems
Using Keyrings
Managing Your Keyring
Summary
11. The Internet
Web Browsing
The Menus
The Bookmarks Toolbar
Tabs and Windows
Searching
Other Browsers
Email
Instant Messaging
Using Pidgin
Adding buddies
Internet Telephony
Peer-to-Peer File Sharing
Telnet and SSH
Ubuntu One
Joining and Logging In
Using Ubuntu One
Summary
12. Using OpenOffice.org
Preparing the Example Files
Writer
The Standard Toolbar
The Formatting Toolbar
Using Styles
About Word Completion
Calc
The Standard Toolbar
The Formatting Toolbar
Viewing and setting data types
Impress
The Standard Toolbar
The Line and Filling Toolbar
The Slides Frame
The Workspace Frame
The Tasks Frame
The Drawing Toolbar
The Master Slide
Draw
Base
Math
Built-in Help
Evolution Calendar
What’s New in 10.04?
Summary
13. Playing Games
Built-in Games
PlayDeb
Other Linux Games
PlayOnLinux
KDE Games
Browser-Based Games
Ubuntu Easter Eggs
The Ubuntu Fish
OpenOffice.org StarWars
Aptitude Silliness
What’s New in 10.04
Summary
14. Pictures, Sound, and Video
Movie Player
Adding Plug-ins
VLC Media Player
Rhythmbox Music Player
Importing Tracks
Playing Music
Last.fm
What’s New in 10.04
The GIMP Image Editor
Learning How to Use It
What’s New in 10.04?
F-Spot Photo Manager
Audacity Audio Editor
Rosegarden
PiTiVi Video Editor
What’s New in 10.04?
The Take Screenshot Program
Summary
15. Other Ubuntu Distributions
Installation
Installing Distributions Alongside Ubuntu
Adding Kubuntu
Adding Xubuntu
Adding Mythbuntu
Adding Edubuntu
Adding Ubuntu Studio
Adding Ubuntu
Kubuntu
Xubuntu
Mythbuntu
Edubuntu
Ubuntu Netbook Edition
What’s New in 10.04
Ubuntu Server Edition
Ubuntu Studio
Eeebuntu
Even More Distributions
Summary
16. Using Wine
What Is Wine?
The Benefits of Wine
Wine’s Limitations
Installing Wine
Installing Microsoft Fonts
Configuring Wine
Accessing the Windows C: Drive
Further Information
Summary
Index
About the Author
Colophon
Copyright
Ubuntu: Up and Running
Published by
O'Reilly Media, Inc., 2010