Table of Contents for
Using SQLite
Using SQLite
Published by
O'Reilly Media, Inc., 2010
- Cover
- Using SQLite
- O'Reilly Strata Conference
- Using SQLite
- Dedication
- A Note Regarding Supplemental Files
- Preface
- SQLite Versions
- Email Lists
- Example Code Download
- How We Got Here
- Conventions Used in This Book
- Using Code Examples
- Safari® Books Online
- How to Contact Us
- 1. What Is SQLite?
- Self-Contained, No Server Required
- Single File Database
- Zero Configuration
- Embedded Device Support
- Unique Features
- Compatible License
- Highly Reliable
- 2. Uses of SQLite
- Database Junior
- Application Files
- Application Cache
- Archives and Data Stores
- Client/Server Stand-in
- Teaching Tool
- Generic SQL Engine
- Not the Best Choice
- Big Name Users
- 3. Building and Installing SQLite
- SQLite Products
- Precompiled Distributions
- Documentation Distribution
- Source Distributions
- Building
- Build and Installation Options
- An sqlite3 Primer
- Summary
- 4. The SQL Language
- Learning SQL
- Brief Background
- General Syntax
- SQL Data Languages
- Data Definition Language
- Data Manipulation Language
- Transaction Control Language
- System Catalogs
- Wrap-up
- 5. The SELECT Command
- SQL Tables
- The SELECT Pipeline
- Advanced Techniques
- SELECT Examples
- What’s Next
- 6. Database Design
- Tables and Keys
- Common Structures and Relationships
- Normal Form
- Indexes
- Transferring Design Experience
- Closing
- 7. C Programming Interface
- API Overview
- Library Initialization
- Database Connections
- Prepared Statements
- Bound Parameters
- Convenience Functions
- Result Codes and Error Codes
- Utility Functions
- Summary
- 8. Additional Features and APIs
- Date and Time Features
- ICU Internationalization Extension
- Full-Text Search Module
- R*Trees and Spatial Indexing Module
- Scripting Languages and Other Interfaces
- Mobile and Embedded Development
- Additional Extensions
- 9. SQL Functions and Extensions
- Scalar Functions
- Aggregate Functions
- Collation Functions
- SQLite Extensions
- 10. Virtual Tables and Modules
- Introduction to Modules
- Module API
- Simple Example: dblist Module
- Advanced Example: weblog Module
- Best Index and Filter
- Wrap-Up
- A. SQLite Build Options
- Shell Directives
- ENABLE_READLINE
- Default Values
- SQLITE_DEFAULT_AUTOVACUUM
- SQLITE_DEFAULT_CACHE_SIZE
- SQLITE_DEFAULT_FILE_FORMAT
- SQLITE_DEFAULT_JOURNAL_SIZE_LIMIT
- SQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS
- SQLITE_DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE
- SQLITE_DEFAULT_TEMP_CACHE_SIZE
- YYSTACKDEPTH
- Sizes and Limits
- SQLITE_MAX_ATTACHED
- SQLITE_MAX_COLUMN
- SQLITE_MAX_COMPOUND_SELECT
- SQLITE_MAX_DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE
- SQLITE_MAX_EXPR_DEPTH
- SQLITE_MAX_FUNCTION_ARG
- SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH
- SQLITE_MAX_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH
- SQLITE_MAX_PAGE_COUNT
- SQLITE_MAX_PAGE_SIZE
- SQLITE_MAX_SQL_LENGTH
- SQLITE_MAX_TRIGGER_DEPTH
- SQLITE_MAX_VARIABLE_NUMBER
- Operation and Behavior
- SQLITE_CASE_SENSITIVE_LIKE
- SQLITE_HAVE_ISNAN
- SQLITE_OS_OTHER
- SQLITE_SECURE_DELETE
- SQLITE_THREADSAFE
- SQLITE_TEMP_STORE
- Debug Settings
- SQLITE_DEBUG
- SQLITE_MEMDEBUG
- Enable Extensions
- SQLITE_ENABLE_ATOMIC_WRITE
- SQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA
- SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS3
- SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS3_PARENTHESIS
- SQLITE_ENABLE_ICU
- SQLITE_ENABLE_IOTRACE
- SQLITE_ENABLE_LOCKING_STYLE
- SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT
- SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS3
- SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS5
- SQLITE_ENABLE_RTREE
- SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT2
- SQLITE_ENABLE_UPDATE_DELETE_LIMIT
- SQLITE_ENABLE_UNLOCK_NOTIFY
- YYTRACKMAXSTACKDEPTH
- Limit Features
- SQLITE_DISABLE_LFS
- SQLITE_DISABLE_DIRSYNC
- SQLITE_ZERO_MALLOC
- Omit Core Features
- B. sqlite3 Command Reference
- Command-Line Options
- Interactive Dot-Commands
- .backup
- .bail
- .databases
- .dump
- .echo
- .exit
- .explain
- .headers
- .help
- .import
- .indices
- .iotrace
- .load
- .log
- .mode
- .nullvalue
- .output
- .prompt
- .quit
- .read
- .restore
- .schema
- .separator
- .show
- .tables
- .timeout
- .timer
- .width
- C. SQLite SQL Command Reference
- SQLite SQL Commands
- ALTER TABLE
- ANALYZE
- ATTACH DATABASE
- BEGIN TRANSACTION
- COMMIT TRANSACTION
- CREATE INDEX
- CREATE TABLE
- CREATE TRIGGER
- CREATE VIEW
- CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE
- DELETE
- DETACH DATABASE
- DROP INDEX
- DROP TABLE
- DROP TRIGGER
- DROP VIEW
- END TRANSACTION
- EXPLAIN
- INSERT
- PRAGMA
- REINDEX
- RELEASE SAVEPOINT
- REPLACE
- ROLLBACK TRANSACTION
- SAVEPOINT
- SELECT
- UPDATE
- VACUUM
- D. SQLite SQL Expression Reference
- Literal Expressions
- Logic Representations
- Unary Expressions
- Binary Expressions
- Function Calls
- Column Names
- General Expressions
- AND
- BETWEEN
- CASE
- CAST
- COLLATE
- EXISTS
- GLOB
- IN
- IS
- ISNULL
- LIKE
- MATCH
- NOTNULL
- OR
- RAISE
- REGEXP
- SELECT
- E. SQLite SQL Function Reference
- Scalar Functions
- abs()
- changes()
- coalesce()
- date()
- datetime()
- glob()
- ifnull()
- hex()
- julianday()
- last_insert_rowid()
- length()
- like()
- load_extension()
- lower()
- ltrim()
- match()
- max()
- min()
- nullif()
- quote()
- random()
- randomblob()
- regex()
- replace()
- round()
- rtrim()
- sqlite_compileoption_get()
- sqlite_compileoption_used()
- sqlite_source_id()
- sqlite_version()
- strftime()
- substr()
- time()
- total_changes()
- trim()
- typeof()
- upper()
- zeroblob()
- Aggregate Functions
- avg()
- count()
- group_concat()
- max()
- min()
- sum()
- total()
- F. SQLite SQL PRAGMA Reference
- SQLite PRAGMAs
- auto_vacuum
- cache_size
- case_sensitive_like
- collation_list
- count_changes
- database_list
- default_cache_size
- encoding
- foreign_keys
- foreign_key_list
- freelist_count
- full_column_names
- fullfsync
- ignore_check_constraints
- incremental_vacuum
- index_info
- index_list
- integrity_check
- journal_mode
- journal_size_limit
- legacy_file_format
- locking_mode
- lock_proxy_file
- lock_status
- max_page_count
- omit_readlock
- page_count
- page_size
- parser_trace
- quick_check
- read_uncommitted
- recursive_triggers
- reverse_unordered_selects
- schema_version
- secure_delete
- short_column_names
- sql_trace
- synchronous
- table_info
- temp_store
- temp_store_directory
- user_version
- vdbe_trace
- vdbe_listing
- writable_schema
- G. SQLite C API Reference
- API Datatypes
- sqlite3
- sqlite3_backup
- sqlite3_blob
- sqlite3_context
- sqlite3_int64, sqlite3_uint64, sqlite_int64, sqlite_uint64
- sqlite3_module
- sqlite3_mutex
- sqlite3_stmt
- sqlite3_value
- sqlite3_vfs
- API Functions
- sqlite3_aggregate_context()
- sqlite3_auto_extension()
- sqlite3_backup_finish()
- sqlite3_backup_init()
- sqlite3_backup_pagecount()
- sqlite3_backup_remaining()
- sqlite3_backup_step()
- sqlite3_bind_xxx()
- sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()
- sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()
- sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()
- sqlite3_blob_bytes()
- sqlite3_blob_close()
- sqlite3_blob_open()
- sqlite3_blob_read()
- sqlite3_blob_write()
- sqlite3_busy_handler()
- sqlite3_busy_timeout()
- sqlite3_changes()
- sqlite3_clear_bindings()
- sqlite3_close()
- sqlite3_collation_needed()
- sqlite3_column_xxx()
- sqlite3_column_bytes()
- sqlite3_column_count()
- sqlite3_column_database_name()
- sqlite3_column_decltype()
- sqlite3_column_name()
- sqlite3_column_origin_name()
- sqlite3_column_table_name()
- sqlite3_column_type()
- sqlite3_commit_hook()
- sqlite3_compileoption_get()
- sqlite3_compileoption_used()
- sqlite3_complete()
- sqlite3_config()
- sqlite3_context_db_handle()
- sqlite3_create_collation()
- sqlite3_create_function()
- sqlite3_create_module()
- sqlite3_data_count()
- sqlite3_db_config()
- sqlite3_db_handle()
- sqlite3_db_mutex()
- sqlite3_db_status()
- sqlite3_declare_vtab()
- sqlite3_enable_load_extension()
- sqlite3_enable_shared_cache()
- sqlite3_errcode()
- sqlite3_errmsg()
- sqlite3_exec()
- sqlite3_extended_errcode()
- sqlite3_extended_result_codes()
- sqlite3_file_control()
- sqlite3_finalize()
- sqlite3_free()
- sqlite3_free_table()
- sqlite3_get_autocommit()
- sqlite3_get_auxdata()
- sqlite3_get_table()
- sqlite3_initialize()
- sqlite3_interrupt()
- sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()
- sqlite3_libversion()
- sqlite3_libversion_number()
- sqlite3_limit()
- sqlite3_load_extension()
- sqlite3_log()
- sqlite3_malloc()
- sqlite3_memory_highwater()
- sqlite3_memory_used()
- sqlite3_mprintf()
- sqlite3_mutex_alloc()
- sqlite3_mutex_enter()
- sqlite3_mutex_free()
- sqlite3_mutex_held()
- sqlite3_mutex_leave()
- sqlite3_mutex_notheld()
- sqlite3_mutex_try()
- sqlite3_next_stmt()
- sqlite3_open()
- sqlite3_open_v2()
- sqlite3_overload_function()
- sqlite3_prepare_xxx()
- sqlite3_profile()
- sqlite3_progress_handler()
- sqlite3_randomness()
- sqlite3_realloc()
- sqlite3_release_memory()
- sqlite3_reset()
- sqlite3_reset_auto_extension()
- sqlite3_result_xxx()
- sqlite3_result_error_xxx()
- sqlite3_rollback_hook()
- sqlite3_set_authorizer()
- sqlite3_set_auxdata()
- sqlite3_shutdown()
- sqlite3_sleep()
- sqlite3_snprintf()
- sqlite3_soft_heap_limit()
- sqlite3_sourceid()
- sqlite3_sql()
- sqlite3_status()
- sqlite3_step()
- sqlite3_stmt_status()
- sqlite3_strnicmp()
- sqlite3_table_column_metadata()
- sqlite3_threadsafe()
- sqlite3_total_changes()
- sqlite3_trace()
- sqlite3_unlock_notify()
- sqlite3_update_hook()
- sqlite3_user_data()
- sqlite3_value_xxx()
- sqlite3_value_bytes()
- sqlite3_value_numeric_type()
- sqlite3_value_type()
- sqlite3_version[]
- sqlite3_vfs_find()
- sqlite3_vfs_register()
- sqlite3_vfs_unregister()
- sqlite3_vmprintf()
- Index
- About the Author
- Colophon
- Copyright
System Catalogs
Many relational database systems, including SQLite, keep system state data in a series of
data structures known as
system catalogs. All of the SQLite system catalogs
start with the prefix sqlite_. Although
many of these catalogs contain internal data, they can be queried, using
SELECT, just as if they were
standard tables. Most system catalogs are read-only. If you encounter an
unknown database and you’re not sure what’s in it, examining the system
catalogs is a good place to start.
All nontemporary SQLite databases have an
sqlite_master catalog. This is the master
record of all database objects. If any of the tables has a populated
AUTOINCREMENT column, the database
will also have an sqlite_sequence
catalog. This catalog is used to keep track of the next valid sequence value
(for more information on AUTOINCREMENT,
see Primary keys). If the SQL command ANALYZE has been used, it will also generate
one or more sqlite_stat tables, such as
#sqlite_stat1 and sqlite_stat2. These tables hold various
statistics about the values and distributions in various indexes, and are
used to help the query optimizer pick the more efficient query solution. For
more information, see ANALYZE in Appendix C.
The most important of these system catalogs is the sqlite_master table. This catalog contains information on
all the objects within a database, including the SQL used to define them.
The sqlite_master table has five
columns:
| Column name | Column type | Meaning |
type
| Text | Type of database object |
name
| Text | Identifier name of object |
tbl_name
| Text | Name of associated table |
rootpage
| Integer | Internal use only |
sql
| Text | SQL used to define object |
The type column can be table (including virtual tables), index, view, or trigger. The
name column gives the name of the
object itself, while the tbl_name column
gives the name of the table or view the object is associated with. For
tables and views, the tbl_name is just a
copy of the name column. The final
sql column holds a full copy of the
original SQL command used to define the object, such as a CREATE TABLE or CREATE TRIGGER command.
Temporary databases do not have an sqlite_master system catalog. Rather, they have an sqlite_temp_master table instead.