Table of Contents for
sed & awk, 2nd Edition

Version ebook / Retour

Cover image for bash Cookbook, 2nd Edition sed & awk, 2nd Edition by Arnold Robbins Published by O'Reilly Media, Inc., 1997
  1. sed & awk, 2nd Edition
  2. Cover
  3. sed & awk, 2nd Edition
  4. A Note Regarding Supplemental Files
  5. Dedication
  6. Preface
  7. Scope of This Handbook
  8. Availability of sed and awk
  9. Obtaining Example Source Code
  10. Conventions Used in This Handbook
  11. About the Second Edition
  12. Acknowledgments from the First Edition
  13. Comments and Questions
  14. 1. Power Tools for Editing
  15. 1.1. May You Solve Interesting Problems
  16. 1.2. A Stream Editor
  17. 1.3. A Pattern-Matching Programming Language
  18. 1.4. Four Hurdles to Mastering sed and awk
  19. 2. Understanding Basic Operations
  20. 2.1. Awk, by Sed and Grep, out of Ed
  21. 2.2. Command-Line Syntax
  22. 2.3. Using sed
  23. 2.4. Using awk
  24. 2.5. Using sed and awk Together
  25. 3. Understanding Regular Expression Syntax
  26. 3.1. That’s an Expression
  27. 3.2. A Line-Up of Characters
  28. 3.3. I Never Metacharacter I Didn’t Like
  29. 4. Writing sed Scripts
  30. 4.1. Applying Commands in a Script
  31. 4.2. A Global Perspective on Addressing
  32. 4.3. Testing and Saving Output
  33. 4.4. Four Types of sed Scripts
  34. 4.5. Getting to the PromiSed Land
  35. 5. Basic sed Commands
  36. 5.1. About the Syntax of sed Commands
  37. 5.2. Comment
  38. 5.3. Substitution
  39. 5.4. Delete
  40. 5.5. Append, Insert, and Change
  41. 5.6. List
  42. 5.7. Transform
  43. 5.8. Print
  44. 5.9. Print Line Number
  45. 5.10. Next
  46. 5.11. Reading and Writing Files
  47. 5.12. Quit
  48. 6. Advanced sed Commands
  49. 6.1. Multiline Pattern Space
  50. 6.2. A Case for Study
  51. 6.3. Hold That Line
  52. 6.4. Advanced Flow Control Commands
  53. 6.5. To Join a Phrase
  54. 7. Writing Scripts for awk
  55. 7.1. Playing the Game
  56. 7.2. Hello, World
  57. 7.3. Awk’s Programming Model
  58. 7.4. Pattern Matching
  59. 7.5. Records and Fields
  60. 7.6. Expressions
  61. 7.7. System Variables
  62. 7.8. Relational and Boolean Operators
  63. 7.9. Formatted Printing
  64. 7.10. Passing Parameters Into a Script
  65. 7.11. Information Retrieval
  66. 8. Conditionals, Loops, and Arrays
  67. 8.1. Conditional Statements
  68. 8.2. Looping
  69. 8.3. Other Statements That Affect Flow Control
  70. 8.4. Arrays
  71. 8.5. An Acronym Processor
  72. 8.6. System Variables That Are Arrays
  73. 9. Functions
  74. 9.1. Arithmetic Functions
  75. 9.2. String Functions
  76. 9.3. Writing Your Own Functions
  77. 10. The Bottom Drawer
  78. 10.1. The getline Function
  79. 10.2. The close( ) Function
  80. 10.3. The system( ) Function
  81. 10.4. A Menu-Based Command Generator
  82. 10.5. Directing Output to Files and Pipes
  83. 10.6. Generating Columnar Reports
  84. 10.7. Debugging
  85. 10.8. Limitations
  86. 10.9. Invoking awk Using the #! Syntax
  87. 11. A Flock of awks
  88. 11.1. Original awk
  89. 11.2. Freely Available awks
  90. 11.3. Commercial awks
  91. 11.4. Epilogue
  92. 12. Full-Featured Applications
  93. 12.1. An Interactive Spelling Checker
  94. 12.2. Generating a Formatted Index
  95. 12.3. Spare Details of the masterindex Program
  96. 13. A Miscellany of Scripts
  97. 13.1. uutot.awk—Report UUCP Statistics
  98. 13.2. phonebill—Track Phone Usage
  99. 13.3. combine—Extract Multipart uuencoded Binaries
  100. 13.4. mailavg—Check Size of Mailboxes
  101. 13.5. adj—Adjust Lines for Text Files
  102. 13.6. readsource—Format Program Source Files for troff
  103. 13.7. gent—Get a termcap Entry
  104. 13.8. plpr—lpr Preprocessor
  105. 13.9. transpose—Perform a Matrix Transposition
  106. 13.10. m1—Simple Macro Processor
  107. A. Quick Reference for sed
  108. A.1. Command-Line Syntax
  109. A.2. Syntax of sed Commands
  110. A.3. Command Summary for sed
  111. B. Quick Reference for awk
  112. B.1. Command-Line Syntax
  113. B.2. Language Summary for awk
  114. B.3. Command Summary for awk
  115. C. Supplement for Chapter 12
  116. C.1. Full Listing of spellcheck.awk
  117. C.2. Listing of masterindex Shell Script
  118. C.3. Documentation for masterindex
  119. masterindex
  120. C.3.1. Background Details
  121. C.3.2. Coding Index Entries
  122. C.3.3. Output Format
  123. C.3.4. Compiling a Master Index
  124. Index
  125. About the Authors
  126. Colophon
  127. Copyright

Obtaining Example Source Code

You can obtain the source code for the programs presented in this book from O’Reilly & Associates through their Internet server. The example programs in this book are available electronically in a number of ways: by FTP, Ftpmail, BITFTP, and UUCP. The cheapest, fastest, and easiest ways are listed first. If you read from the top down, the first one that works for you is probably the best. Use FTP if you are directly on the Internet. Use Ftpmail if you are not on the Internet, but can send and receive electronic mail to Internet sites (this includes CompuServe users). Use BITFTP if you can send electronic mail via BITNET. Use UUCP if none of the above works.

FTP

To use FTP, you need a machine with direct access to the Internet. A sample session is shown, with what you should type in boldface.

$ ftp ftp.oreilly.com
Connected to ftp.oreilly.com.
220 FTP server (Version 6.21 Tue Mar 10 22:09:55 EST 1992) ready.
Name (ftp.oreilly.com:yourname): anonymous
331 Guest login ok, send domain style e-mail address as password.
Password: yourname@domain.name   (Use your user name and host here)
230 Guest login ok, access restrictions apply.
ftp> cd /published/oreilly/nutshell/sedawk_2
250 CWD command successful.
ftp> binary   (Very important! You must specify binary transfer for compressed files.)
200 Type set to I.
ftp> get progs.tar.gz
200 PORT command successful.
150 Opening BINARY mode data connection for progs.tar.gz.
226 Transfer complete.
ftp> quit
221 Goodbye.

The file is a gzip compressed tar archive; extract the files from the archive by typing:

$ gzcat progs.tar.gz | tar xvf -

System V systems require the following tar command instead:

$ gzcat progs.tar.gz | tar xof -

If gzcat is not available on your system, use separate gunzip and tar commands.

$ gunzip progs.tar.gz
$ tar xvf progs.tar

Ftpmail

Ftpmail is a mail server available to anyone who can send electronic mail to and receive it from Internet sites. This includes any company or service provider that allows email connections to the Internet. Here’s how you do it. You send mail to . In the message body, give the FTP commands you want to run. The server will run anonymous FTP for you and mail the files back to you. To get a complete help file, send a message with no subject and the single word “help” in the body. The following is a sample mail session that should get you the examples. This command sends you a listing of the files in the selected directory and the requested example files. The listing is useful if there’s a later version of the examples you’re interested in.

$ mail ftpmail@online.oreilly.com
Subject:
reply-to yourname@domain.name     (Where you want files mailed)
open
cd /published/oreilly/nutshell/sedawk_2
dir
mode binary
uuencode
get progs.tar.gz
quit
.

A signature at the end of the message is acceptable as long as it appears after “quit.”

BITFTP

BITFTP is a mail server for BITNET users. You send it electronic mail messages requesting files, and it sends you back the files by electronic mail. BITFTP currently serves only users who send it mail from nodes that are directly on BITNET, EARN, or NetNorth. To use BITFTP, send mail containing your ftp commands to . For a complete help file, send HELP as the message body. The following is the message body you send to BITFTP:

FTP  ftp.oreilly.com  NETDATA
USER  anonymous
PASS  yourname@yourhost.edu   Put your Internet email address here (not your BITNET address)
CD /published/oreilly/nutshell/sedawk_2
DIR
BINARY
GET  progs.tar.gz
QUIT

Once you’ve got the desired file, follow the directions under FTP to extract the files from the archive. Since you are probably not on a UNIX system, you may need to get versions of uudecode, gunzip, atob, and tar for your system. VMS, DOS, and Mac versions are available.

UUCP

UUCP is standard on virtually all UNIX systems and is available for IBM-compatible PCs and Apple Macintoshes. The examples are available by UUCP via modem from UUNET; UUNET’s connect-time charges apply. If you or your company has an account with UUNET, you have a system somewhere with a direct UUCP connection to UUNET. Find that system, and type:

uucp uunet\!~/published/oreilly/nutshell/sedawk_2/progs.tar.gz yourhost\!~/yourname/

The backslashes can be omitted if you use a Bourne-style shell (sh, ksh, bash, zsh, pdksh) instead of csh or tcsh. The file should appear some time later (up to a day or more) in the directory /usr/spool/uucppublic/yourname. If you don’t have an account, but would like one so that you can get electronic mail, contact UUNET at 703-206-5400. It’s a good idea to get the file /published/oreilly/ls-lR.Z as a short test file containing the filenames and sizes of all the files available. Once you’ve got the desired file, follow the directions under FTP to extract the files from the archive.