Apache Cookbook, 2nd Edition

Previous Chapter

B. Troubleshooting

About the Authors

Index

A note on the digital index

A link in an index entry is displayed as the section title in which that entry appears. Because some sections have multiple index markers, it is not unusual for an entry to have several links to the same section. Clicking on any link will take you directly to the place in the text in which the marker appears.

Symbols

#exec directive, Discussion–Discussion
#include directive, Discussion–Discussion
%A format effector, Discussion–Discussion
%a format effector, Discussion–Discussion
%h format effector, Discussion–Discussion
%htdigest command, Solution–Discussion
%htpasswd command, Solution–Solution
%{UNIQUE_ID}e format effector, Solution–Solution
-signkey argument, Signing your key–Signing your key
_default_ keyword, Discussion–Discussion
<Directory> container, Discussion–Discussion
<DirectoryMatch> directive, Disabling directory indexing below an enabled directory–Disabling directory indexing below an enabled directory
<Files> container, Discussion–Discussion
<FilesMatch> container, Discussion–Discussion
<LimitExcept> container, Solution–Solution
<Perl> configuration directive, Discussion–Discussion
<VirtualHost> container, Virtual Hosts–Virtual Hosts
[H] flag, Discussion–Discussion
[N] flag, Discussion–Discussion
[R] flag, Discussion–Discussion
[T] flag, Discussion–Discussion

A

ab, benchmarking and, Benchmarking Apache with ab–Discussion

address-based virtual hosts, Setting Up Address-Based Virtual Hosts–Problem

addresses, displaying same content on multiple, Displaying the Same Content on Several Addresses–Discussion

aliases, Aliases, Redirecting, and Rewriting–Aliases, Redirecting, and Rewriting

URLs, several with one directive, Aliasing Several URLs with a Single Directive–Problem

AliasMatch, Using AliasMatch, ScriptAliasMatch, and RedirectMatch–Discussion

Andrews, Bryan, Discussion–Discussion

Apache

building from sources, Building Apache from the Sources–Discussion

restarting, Starting, Stopping, and Restarting Apache–Discussion

starting, Starting, Stopping, and Restarting Apache–Discussion

at boot, Starting Apache at Boot–Problem

stopping, Starting, Stopping, and Restarting Apache–Discussion

uninstalling, Uninstalling Apache–Discussion

versions, Which Version of Apache to Use–Solution

apachectl script, Solution–Discussion

ApacheToolbox, installation with, Installing with ApacheToolbox–Discussion

arguments, turning document names into, Turning Document Names into Arguments–Problem

authentication

digest authentication

password files and, Making Password Files for Digest Authentication–Discussion
versus basic, Using Digest Versus Basic Authentication–Problem

migrating to 2.2, Migrating to 2.2 Authentication–Discussion

passwords, obtaining, Obtaining the Password Used to Authenticate–Problem

proxy servers, Requiring Authentication for a Proxied Server–Problem

SSL, certificates, Authenticating with Client Certificates–Problem

strong, requiring, Requiring Both Weak and Strong Authentication–Discussion

system account information and, Using System Account Information for Web Authentication–Discussion

usernames, accessing, Accessing the Authenticated Username–Problem

weak, requiring, Requiring Both Weak and Strong Authentication–Discussion

B

benchmarking, ab and, Benchmarking Apache with ab–Discussion
boot, starting Apache at, Starting Apache at Boot–Problem
browser, software name, logging, Logging the Name of the Browser Software–Problem
brute-force password attacks, preventing, Preventing Brute-Force Password Attacks–Problem
building Apache from sources, Building Apache from the Sources–Discussion

C

caching proxy servers, configuring, Configuring a Caching Proxy Server–Discussion

CAs (Certificate Authorities), trusted, generating, Generating a Trusted CA–Importing the CA

case-insensitive URLs, Permitting Case-Insensitive URLs–Problem

CGI

form parameters, reading, Reading Form Parameters–Discussion
invoking for certain content types, Invoking a CGI Program for Certain Content Types–Discussion
parsing output, SSIs and, Parsing CGI Output for Server Side Includes–Solution
program output, Including the Output of a CGI Program–Discussion
testing setup, Testing that CGI Is Set Up Correctly–Discussion

CGI arguments, rewriting path information, Rewriting Path Information to CGI Arguments–Problem

CGI directories

creating for each user, Creating a CGI Directory for Each User–Discussion
default documents, specifying, Specifying a Default Document in a CGI Directory–Discussion
enabling, Dynamic Content–Dynamic Content

CGI programs

launching, Windows file extensions, Using Windows File Extensions to Launch CGI Programs–Discussion
mod_perl and, Speeding Up Perl CGI Programs with mod_perl–See Also

CGI scripts

enabling, non-ScriptAliased directories, Enabling CGI Scripts in Non-ScriptAliased Directories–Solution
extensions, Using Extensions to Identify CGI Scripts–Discussion
response status, Changing the Response Status for CGI Scripts–Discussion
running as different user, suexec and, Running CGI Scripts as a Different User with suexec–Discussion

chroot, mod_security and, Chrooting Apache with mod_security–Discussion

clients, proxied, logging IP addresses, Logging a Proxied Client’s IP Address–Discussion

config.nice, Upgrading Using config.nice–Problem

configure script, options, Useful configure Options–Solution

content negotiation, disabling, Disabling Content Negotiation–See Also

Content-Type headers, Setting the Content-Type According to Browser Capability–Problem

cookies, logging, Logging Cookies–See Also

CPAN, installing mod_perl handler, Installing a mod_perl Handler from CPAN–Discussion

credentials, accessing, embedded in URLs, Accessing Credentials Embedded in URLs–Problem

D

databases

MySQL, logging activity, Logging Activity to a MySQL Database–Discussion
virtual hosts, Defining Virtual Hosts in a Database–Problem

date, last modified, Displaying Last Modified Date–Problem

Debian, packages, installation from, Installing from Debian Packages–See Also

digest authentication

password files and, Making Password Files for Digest Authentication–Discussion
versus basic, Using Digest Versus Basic Authentication–Problem

directives, placement of, Placing Directives Properly–See Also

directories

aliases in, Aliases in Directory Listings–Problem

caching, Caching Directory Listings–Discussion

CGI

creating for each user, Creating a CGI Directory for Each User–Problem
enabling, Dynamic Content–Dynamic Content

client-specified formatting, Allowing the Client to Specify the Formatting–Discussion

client-specified sort order, Allowing a Client-Specified Sort Order–Solution

column suppression, Suppressing Certain Columns–Discussion

document titles, autogenerated, Autogenerated Document Titles–Solution

end-user modification, Don’t Allow the End User to Modify the Listing–Problem

files

descriptions, Adding Descriptions to Files–Problem
searching for, Searching for Certain Files in a Directory Listing–Problem
version number, Ordering by Version Number–Problem
version number sorting, Ordering by Version Number–Problem

folders at top, Problem–Problem

formatting, Specifying How the List Will Be Formatted–Problem

generating, Generating Directory/Folder Listings–Disabling directory indexing below an enabled directory, Generating Directory/Folder Listings–Discussion

headers/footers, Display a Standard Header and Footer on Directory Listings–Problem

hiding items, Hiding Things from the Listing–Problem

icons, Changing the Listing Icons–Discussion

password-protected files, Problem–Problem

rewriting hostnames to, Rewriting a Hostname to a Directory–Problem

sorting, Sorting the List–Problem

subdirectories, relaxing security in, Relaxing Security in a Subdirectory–Discussion

turning into hostnames, Turning Directories into Hostnames–Problem

URLs

mapping, Mapping a URL to a Directory–Discussion
mapping to same CGI directory, Mapping Several URLs to the Same CGI Directory–Discussion

user control of output, Complete User Control of Output–Problem

DNS lookups, avoiding, Avoiding DNS Lookups–Allow and Deny from hostnames

documents

CGI directories, specifying, Specifying a Default Document in a CGI Directory–Discussion
default, alternate, Alternate Default Document–Discussion
error documents, multiple languages, Providing Error Documents in Multiple Languages–Discussion
footers, Problem–Discussion
headers, Problem–Discussion
names, turning into arguments, Turning Document Names into Arguments–Problem
titles, autogenerated, Autogenerated Document Titles–Solution

DoS attacks, mod_evasive and, Rebutting DoS Attacks with mod_evasive–Problem

downloads

ApacheToolbox, Installing with ApacheToolbox–Problem
sources, Downloading the Apache Sources–Discussion

dynamic content, caching, Caching Dynamic Content–Discussion

E

error documents, multiple languages, Providing Error Documents in Multiple Languages–Discussion

error handling

CGI scripts, response status, Changing the Response Status for CGI Scripts–Discussion
displaying error page, Internet Explorer and, Making Internet Explorer Display Your Error Page–Discussion
error messages, customized, Customized Error Messages–Problem
host fields, missing, Handling a Missing Host Field–Discussion
notification on error conditions, Notification on Error Conditions–Discussion
redirecting, invalid URLs, Redirecting Invalid URLs to Some Other Page–Discussion

error log, details, Getting More Detailed Errors–See Also

error messages, customized, Customized Error Messages–Problem

expiring passwords, Expiring Passwords–Discussion

F

favicon, default, Setting Up a Default “Favicon”–Problem

files

descriptions, Adding Descriptions to Files–Problem
frequently viewed, caching, Caching Frequently Viewed Files–Solution
location, Finding Apache’s Files–Solution
outside Web root, restricting access, Restricting Access to Files Outside Your Web Root–Discussion
ownership, authorizing, Authorizing Using File Ownership–Problem
permissions, setting, Setting Correct File Permissions–Discussion
servers, malicious scripts and, Protecting Server Files from Malicious Scripts–Problem
version number listing, Ordering by Version Number–Problem
wrappers, Protecting Files with a Wrapper–Discussion

filters, proxied content, Filtering Proxied Content–Discussion

folders, listings, generating, Generating Directory/Folder Listings–Disabling directory indexing below an enabled directory, Generating Directory/Folder Listings–Discussion

frequently viewed files, caching, Caching Frequently Viewed Files–Solution

FTP, refusing to proxy, Refusing to Proxy FTP–Problem

H

host fields, missing, Handling a Missing Host Field–Discussion

Host: header field, Handling Missing Host: Header Fields–Discussion

hostnames

logging, Logging Hostnames Instead of IP Addresses–Discussion
rewriting to directory, Rewriting a Hostname to a Directory–Problem
turning directories into, Turning Directories into Hostnames–Problem

.htaccess files, Minimizing the Performance Impact of .htaccess Files–Discussion

enabling, Enabling .htaccess Files–Problem
renaming, Renaming .htaccess Files–Discussion

.htpasswd files, Managing .htpasswd Files–Discussion

HTTP, status codes, Logging–Logging

I

icons, directory listings, Changing the Listing Icons–Discussion

images, restricting off-site use, Restricting Images from Being Used Off-Site–Problem

installation

ApacheToolbox and, Installing with ApacheToolbox–Discussion

from Debian packages, Installing from Debian Packages–See Also

modules, third-party, Installing a Generic Third-Party Module–Problem

mod_dav

Unix, Installing mod_dav on a Unixish System–Discussion
Windows, Installing mod_dav on Windows–Using Windows Explorer to test mod_dav

mod_perl, Unix, Installing mod_perl on a Unixish System–Discussion

mod_php

Unix, Installing mod_php on a Unixish System–Problem
Windows, Installing mod_php on Windows–Discussion

mod_security, Installing mod_security–Solution

mod_ssl, Installing mod_ssl–Discussion

from Red Hat Linux packages, Installing from Red Hat Linux’s Packages–Discussion

SSL, SSL–Discussion

on Windows, Installing SSL on Windows–Problem

on Windows, Installing Apache on Windows–Discussion

Internet Explorer, displaying error page, Making Internet Explorer Display Your Error Page–Discussion

IP addresses

logging, proxied clients, Logging a Proxied Client’s IP Address–Discussion
servers, logging, Logging Server IP Addresses–Discussion

K

KeepAlive settings, Tuning KeepAlive Settings–Discussion

L

last modified date, Displaying Last Modified Date–Problem

links, symbolic, avoiding, Optimizing Symbolic Links–Discussion

load balancing

distributing evenly between servers, Distributing Load Evenly Between Several Servers–Discussion
mod_proxy_balancer and, Load Balancing with mod_proxy_balancer–Discussion

logfiles

splitting, Splitting Up a Logfile–Problem

logs

arbitrary request header fields, Logging Arbitrary Request Header Fields–Problem

arbitrary response header fields, Logging Arbitrary Response Header Fields–Solution

browser software name, Logging the Name of the Browser Software–Problem

cookies, Logging Cookies–See Also

entries, details, Getting More Details in Your Log Entries–Discussion

error, details, Getting More Detailed Errors–See Also

errors, virtual hosts, multiple files, Logging Errors for Virtual Hosts to Multiple Files–Solution

hostnames, Logging Hostnames Instead of IP Addresses–Discussion

image requests, local pages, Not Logging Image Requests from Local Pages–Discussion

logfiles, rotating at specific times, Rotating Logfiles at a Particular Time–Discussion

MAC addresses, Logging Client MAC Addresses–Problem

MySQL database activity, Logging Activity to a MySQL Database–Discussion

POST contents, Logging POST Contents–Discussion

proxied clients, IP addresses, Logging a Proxied Client’s IP Address–Discussion

proxy requests, Logging Proxy Requests–Discussion

referring page, Logging the Referring Page–Discussion

rotating, Rotating Logs on the First of the Month–Problem

server IP addresses, Logging Server IP Addresses–Discussion

split-logfile, Solution–Solution

to syslog, Logging to syslog–Discussion

user directories, Logging User Directories–Discussion

virtual hosts, Logging for Each Virtual Host–See Also

separate logs, Maintaining Separate Logs for Each Virtual Host–Discussion

M

MAC, addresses, logging, Logging Client MAC Addresses–Problem

mapping, URLs, to directories, Mapping a URL to a Directory–Discussion

memory, determining need, Determining How Much Memory You Need–Solution

methods, limiting, Limiting Methods by User–Problem

module sets, running minimal, Running a Minimal Module Set–Apache 1.3

modules

locating, modules.apache.org, Finding Modules Using modules.apache.org–Discussion
third-party, Installing a Generic Third-Party Module–Problem
troubleshooting, Why Won’t This Module Work?–Problem

modules.apache.org, Finding Modules Using modules.apache.org–Discussion

mod_dav

Unix, Installing mod_dav on a Unixish System–Discussion
Windows, Installing mod_dav on Windows–Using Windows Explorer to test mod_dav

mod_evasive, DoS attacks and, Rebutting DoS Attacks with mod_evasive–Problem

mod_perl

CGI programs and, Speeding Up Perl CGI Programs with mod_perl–See Also

handler

installing from CPAN, Installing a mod_perl Handler from CPAN–Discussion
writing, Writing a mod_perl Handler–Discussion

Perl scripts and, Getting mod_perl to Handle All Perl Scripts–Problem

proxying content to another server, Proxying mod_perl Content to Another Server–Discussion

Unix, Installing mod_perl on a Unixish System–Discussion

mod_php

Unix, Installing mod_php on a Unixish System–Problem
Windows, Installing mod_php on Windows–Discussion

mod_proxy_balancer, load balancing and, Load Balancing with mod_proxy_balancer–Discussion

mod_rewrite, Solution–See Also

mod_security

chroot and, Chrooting Apache with mod_security–Discussion
worms and, Blocking Worms with mod_security–Problem

mod_ssl, Installing mod_ssl–Discussion

mod_vhost_alias, Mass Virtual Hosting with mod_vhost_alias–Discussion

MySQL

database, logging activity, Logging Activity to a MySQL Database–Discussion
user credentials, Storing User Credentials in a MySQL Database–Discussion

N

name-based virtual hosts

default, Designating One Name-Based Virtual Host as the Default–Problem
setup, Virtual Hosts–Discussion

netware MPM, Setting the number of threads when using netware or the perchild MPM

O

off-site use of images, restricting, Restricting Images from Being Used Off-Site–Problem
ownerhips of files, authorizing, Authorizing Using File Ownership–Problem

P

packages

Debian, installation from, Installing from Debian Packages–See Also
Red Hat Linux, installation from, Installing from Red Hat Linux’s Packages–Discussion

passwords

brute-force attacks, preventing, Preventing Brute-Force Password Attacks–Problem
digest authentication and, Making Password Files for Digest Authentication–Discussion
expiring, Expiring Passwords–Discussion
.htpasswd files, Managing .htpasswd Files–Discussion
obtaining, Obtaining the Password Used to Authenticate–Problem
single-use, Setting Up Single-Use Passwords–See Also

Perl

CGI programs, mod_perl and, Speeding Up Perl CGI Programs with mod_perl–See Also
scripts, mod_perl and, Getting mod_perl to Handle All Perl Scripts–Problem

permissions, setting, Setting Correct File Permissions–Discussion

PHP

installation, verifying, Verifying PHP Installation–Discussion
script handling, enabling, Enabling PHP Script Handling–Problem
source, highlighted without symlinking, Showing Highlighted PHP Source without Symlinking–Discussion

port-based virtual hosts, Port-Based Virtual Hosts–Discussion

POST, contents, logging, Logging POST Contents–Discussion

process creation, optimizing, Optimizing Process Creation–Discussion

proxies

clients, logging IP addresses, Logging a Proxied Client’s IP Address–Discussion

filtering proxied content, Filtering Proxied Content–Discussion

FTP, refusing to proxy, Refusing to Proxy FTP–Problem

mod_perl content to another server, Proxying mod_perl Content to Another Server–Discussion

mod_proxy_balancer, load balancing and, Load Balancing with mod_proxy_balancer–Discussion

requests, logging, Logging Proxy Requests–Discussion

server

blocking requests to certain places, Blocking Proxied Requests to Certain Places–Problem
caching, configuring, Configuring a Caching Proxy Server–Discussion
preventing use as open mail relay, Preventing Your Proxy Server from Being Used as an Open Mail Relay–Problem
securing, Securing Your Proxy Server–Solution

servers, authentication, Requiring Authentication for a Proxied Server–Problem

URL access, restricting, Restricting Proxy Access to Certain URLs–Discussion

virtual hosts and, Proxied Virtual Host–Problem

Python, enabling script handling, Enabling Python Script Handling–See Also

Q

query arguments, turning URL segments into, Turning URL Segments into Query Arguments–Problem
query strings, rewriting based on, Rewriting Based on the Query String–Problem

R

range requests, restricting, Restricting Range Requests–Solution

read-only access, Subversion repository and, Mixing Read-Only and Write Access to a Subversion Repository–Discussion

Red Hat Linux, packages, installation from, Installing from Red Hat Linux’s Packages–Discussion

redirecting, Aliases, Redirecting, and Rewriting–Aliases, Redirecting, and Rewriting

permanent, forbidden URLs and, Using Permanent Redirects to Obscure Forbidden URLs–Discussion

requests to single host, Redirecting All Requests to a Single Host–Problem

to SSL, Redirecting All—or Part—of Your Server to SSL–Problem

unreferred requests to explanation page, Redirecting Unreferred Requests to an Explanation Page–Problem

URLs

to another location, Redirecting to Another Location–See Also
to same destination, Redirecting Several URLs to the Same Destination–Problem

RedirectMatch, Using AliasMatch, ScriptAliasMatch, and RedirectMatch–Discussion

regular expressions, Using Regular Expressions in Apache–Using Regular Expressions in Apache

misspellings, catching, Catching common misspellings–Catching common misspellings
pitfalls, Regular Expression Basics–Regular Expression Basics
POSIX classes, Regular Expression Basics–Regular Expression Basics
predefined, Regular Expression Basics–Regular Expression Basics
redirecting URLs, Redirecting several URLs–Redirecting several URLs
vocabulary, What Directives Use Regular Expressions?–Regular Expression Basics

request header, arbitrary fields, logging, Logging Arbitrary Request Header Fields–Problem

requests

redirecting to single host, Redirecting All Requests to a Single Host–Problem

unreferred

denying access to, Denying Access to Unreferred Requests–Problem
redirecting to explanation page, Redirecting Unreferred Requests to an Explanation Page–Problem

response header, arbitrary fields, logging, Logging Arbitrary Response Header Fields–Solution

restarting Apache, Starting, Stopping, and Restarting Apache–Discussion

rewriting, Aliases, Redirecting, and Rewriting–Aliases, Redirecting, and Rewriting

based on query string, Rewriting Based on the Query String–Problem
hostnames to directories, Rewriting a Hostname to a Directory–Problem
path information to CGI arguments, Rewriting Path Information to CGI Arguments–Problem
URL elements between path and query string, Rewriting Elements between Path and Query String–Problem

S

ScriptAlias

indexing, Problem–Problem
output, parsing for SSIs, Parsing ScriptAlias Script Output for Server-Side Includes–Discussion

ScriptAliasMatch, Using AliasMatch, ScriptAliasMatch, and RedirectMatch–Discussion

security, Security–Security

authentication, Security–Security

digest authentication, Using Digest Versus Basic Authentication–Problem
migrating to 2.2, Migrating to 2.2 Authentication–Discussion
proxy servers, Requiring Authentication for a Proxied Server–Problem
requiring weak and strong, Requiring Both Weak and Strong Authentication–Discussion
system account information and, Using System Account Information for Web Authentication–Discussion
username access, Accessing the Authenticated Username–Problem

authorization, Security–Security

credentials embedded in URLs, Accessing Credentials Embedded in URLs–Problem

DoS attacks, mod_evasive and, Rebutting DoS Attacks with mod_evasive–Problem

file ownership, authorizing, Authorizing Using File Ownership–Problem

file permissions, setting, Setting Correct File Permissions–Discussion

files, outside Web root, restricting access, Restricting Access to Files Outside Your Web Root–Discussion

lifting restrictions selectively, Lifting Restrictions Selectively–Discussion

methods, limiting, Limiting Methods by User–Problem

module sets, running minimal, Running a Minimal Module Set–Apache 1.3

mod_security, chroot and, Chrooting Apache with mod_security–Discussion

passwords

expiring, Expiring Passwords–Discussion
.htpasswd files, Managing .htpasswd Files–Discussion
obtaining, Obtaining the Password Used to Authenticate–Problem
preventing brute-force attacks, Preventing Brute-Force Password Attacks–Problem
single-use, Setting Up Single-Use Passwords–See Also

range requests, restricting, Restricting Range Requests–Solution

relaxing in subdirectories, Relaxing Security in a Subdirectory–Discussion

server files, protecting, Protecting Server Files from Malicious Scripts–Problem

user credentials, MySQL databases, Storing User Credentials in a MySQL Database–Discussion

WebDAV, Securing WebDAV–Discussion

worms, mod_security and, Blocking Worms with mod_security–Problem

wrappers, Protecting Files with a Wrapper–Discussion

self-signed SSL certificates, Generating Self-Signed SSL Certificates–Signing your key

server-status handler, Discussion–Solution

servers

files, malicious scripts and, Protecting Server Files from Malicious Scripts–Problem

IP addresses, logging, Logging Server IP Addresses–Discussion

load, evenly distributing, Distributing Load Evenly Between Several Servers–Discussion

proxy

authentication, Requiring Authentication for a Proxied Server–Problem
blocking requests to certain places, Blocking Proxied Requests to Certain Places–Problem
caching, configuring, Configuring a Caching Proxy Server–Discussion
preventing use as open mail relay, Preventing Your Proxy Server from Being Used as an Open Mail Relay–Problem
securing, Securing Your Proxy Server–Solution

requests, forwarding to another server, Forwarding Requests to Another Server–Discussion

SetEnv directive, Solution–Discussion

single-use passwords, Setting Up Single-Use Passwords–See Also

slashes, trailing in URLs, Solving the “Trailing Slash” Problem–Invalid Alias directive

software, browser, logging name, Logging the Name of the Browser Software–Problem

sources

building Apache from, Building Apache from the Sources–Discussion
downloading, Downloading the Apache Sources–Discussion

split-logfile, Solution–Solution

SSIs (Server-Side Includes), Getting SSIs to Work–Discussion

IBM/Lotus, converting to Apache, Converting IBM/Lotus Server-Side Includes to Apache–Solution
parsing CGI output for, Parsing CGI Output for Server Side Includes–Solution
ScriptAlias output, Parsing ScriptAlias Script Output for Server-Side Includes–Discussion

SSL (Secure Socket Layers)

CAs, trusted, generating, Generating a Trusted CA–Importing the CA

certificates

authentication and, Authenticating with Client Certificates–Problem
self-signed, Generating Self-Signed SSL Certificates–Signing your key
wild card, Wildcard Certificates–Problem

installation, Installing SSL–Discussion

on Windows, Installing SSL on Windows–Problem

mod_ssl, Installing mod_ssl–Discussion

portion of site available via, Serving a Portion of Your Site via SSL–Discussion

redirecting to, Redirecting All—or Part—of Your Server to SSL–Problem

virtual hosts, SSL Virtual Hosts–Ignore the problem

starting Apache, Starting, Stopping, and Restarting Apache–Discussion

at boot, Starting Apache at Boot–Problem

stopping Apache, Starting, Stopping, and Restarting Apache–Discussion

strong authentication, requiring, Requiring Both Weak and Strong Authentication–Discussion

stylesheets, applying, Applying a Stylesheet–Problem

subdirectories, relaxing security in, Relaxing Security in a Subdirectory–Discussion

Subversion

downloading sources, Downloading the Apache Sources–Problem
read-only access, Mixing Read-Only and Write Access to a Subversion Repository–Discussion
write access, Mixing Read-Only and Write Access to a Subversion Repository–Discussion

symbolic links, optimizing, Optimizing Symbolic Links–Discussion

symlinking, highlighted PHP source without, Showing Highlighted PHP Source without Symlinking–Discussion

T

third-party modules, Installing a Generic Third-Party Module–Problem

thread creation, Tuning Thread Creation–Number of threads when using the worker MPM

trailing slashes in URLs, Solving the “Trailing Slash” Problem–Invalid Alias directive

troubleshooting

address already in use, Address Already in Use–Address Already in Use

debugging

configuration, Debugging the Configuration–Debugging the Configuration
premature end of script headers, Debugging Premature End of Script Headers–Debugging Premature End of Script Headers

error messages, build-time, Fixing Build-Time Error Messages–__inet Symbols

.htaccess files, .htaccess Files Having No Effect–.htaccess Files Having No Effect

methodology

error log, In the Error Log–In the Error Log
problem characterization, Characterize the Problem–Characterize the Problem

Not Found errors, Debugging Rewrites That Result in “Not Found” Errors–Debugging Rewrites That Result in “Not Found” Errors

SSIs, Getting Server-Side Includes to Work–Getting Server-Side Includes to Work

Windows

hostname determination, Cannot Determine Hostname–Cannot Determine Hostname
System Error 1067, Handling System Error 1067–Handling System Error 1067
WS2_32.DLL, Finding WS2_32.DLL on Windows–Finding WS2_32.DLL on Windows
WSADuplicateSocket errors, Fixing WSADuplicateSocket Errors–Fixing WSADuplicateSocket Errors

U

uninstalling Apache, Uninstalling Apache–Discussion

Unix

mod_dav, Installing mod_dav on a Unixish System–Discussion
mod_perl, Installing mod_perl on a Unixish System–Discussion
mod_php, Installing mod_php on a Unixish System–Problem

unreferred requests

denying access to, Denying Access to Unreferred Requests–Problem
redirecting to explanation page, Redirecting Unreferred Requests to an Explanation Page–Problem

upgrades, config.nice and, Upgrading Using config.nice–Problem

uploads, size, limiting, Limiting Upload Size–Discussion

URLs (Uniform Resource Locators)

aliasing, one directive, Aliasing Several URLs with a Single Directive–Problem

case-insensitive, Permitting Case-Insensitive URLs–Problem

credentials embedded in, Accessing Credentials Embedded in URLs–Problem

elements, rewriting between path and query string, Rewriting Elements between Path and Query String–Problem

forbidden, permanent redirects, Using Permanent Redirects to Obscure Forbidden URLs–Discussion

mapping to directories, Mapping a URL to a Directory–Discussion

same CGI directory, Mapping Several URLs to the Same CGI Directory–Discussion

new, creating for existing content, Creating a New URL for Existing Content–Problem

proxy access, restricting, Restricting Proxy Access to Certain URLs–Discussion

redirecting invalid, Redirecting Invalid URLs to Some Other Page–Discussion

replacing text in requested, Replacing Text in Requested URLs–Problem

segments, turning into query arguments, Turning URL Segments into Query Arguments–Problem

trailing slashes, Solving the “Trailing Slash” Problem–Invalid Alias directive

users having own URLs, Giving Users Their Own URLs–See Also

usernames, authenticated, accessing, Accessing the Authenticated Username–Problem

V

virtual hosts, Virtual Hosts–Virtual Hosts

address-based

default, Creating a Default Address-Based Virtual Host–Discussion
mixing with name-based, Mixing Address-Based and Name-Based Virtual Hosts–Discussion
setup, Setting Up Address-Based Virtual Hosts–Problem

defining in database, Defining Virtual Hosts in a Database–Problem

logfiles, splitting, Splitting Up a Logfile–Problem

logging for, Logging for Each Virtual Host–See Also

mass

mod_rewrite, Solution–See Also
mod_vhost_alias and, Mass Virtual Hosting with mod_vhost_alias–Discussion

mod_vhost_alias, Mass Virtual Hosting with mod_vhost_alias–Discussion

name-based

default, Designating One Name-Based Virtual Host as the Default–Problem
mixing with address-based, Mixing Address-Based and Name-Based Virtual Hosts–Discussion
setup, Virtual Hosts–Discussion

port-based, Port-Based Virtual Hosts–Discussion

proxies and, Proxied Virtual Host–Problem

SSL, SSL Virtual Hosts–Ignore the problem

W

weak authentication, requiring, Requiring Both Weak and Strong Authentication–Discussion

WebDAV, Problem–Discussion

enabling, writable files and, Enabling WebDAV Without Making Files Writable by the Web User–Discussion
security, Securing WebDAV–Discussion

wild card certificates, Wildcard Certificates–Problem

Windows

CGI programs, launching, Using Windows File Extensions to Launch CGI Programs–Discussion
installation on, Installing Apache on Windows–Discussion
mod_dav, Installing mod_dav on Windows–Using Windows Explorer to test mod_dav
mod_php, Installing mod_php on Windows–Discussion
SSL installation, Installing SSL on Windows–Problem

worms, mod_security and, Blocking Worms with mod_security–Problem

wrappers, Protecting Files with a Wrapper–Discussion

write access, Subversion repository and, Mixing Read-Only and Write Access to a Subversion Repository–Discussion

Previous Chapter

B. Troubleshooting

About the Authors