Table of Contents for
MySQL in a Nutshell, 2nd Edition
MySQL in a Nutshell, 2nd Edition
Published by
O'Reilly Media, Inc., 2008
- Cover
- MySQL in a Nutshell
- MySQL in a Nutshell
- Dedication
- Preface
- The Purpose of This Book
- How This Book Is Organized
- Conventions Used in This Book
- Using Code Examples
- Request for Comments
- Safari® Enabled
- Acknowledgments
- I. Introduction and Tutorials
- 1. Introduction to MySQL
- The Value of MySQL
- The MySQL Package
- Licensing
- Mailing Lists
- Books and Other Publications
- 2. Installing MySQL
- Choosing a Distribution
- Unix Source Distributions
- Unix Binary Distributions
- Linux RPM Distributions
- Macintosh OS X Distributions
- Novell NetWare Distributions
- Windows Distributions
- Postinstallation
- 3. MySQL Basics
- The mysql Client
- Creating a Database and Tables
- Show Me
- Inserting Data
- Selecting Data
- Ordering, Limiting, and Grouping
- Analyzing and Manipulating Data
- Changing Data
- Deleting Data
- Searching Data
- Importing Data in Bulk
- Command-Line Interface
- Conclusion
- II. SQL Statements and Functions
- 4. Security and User Statements and Functions
- Statements and Functions
- SQL Statements in Alphabetical Order
- CREATE USER
- DROP USER
- FLUSH
- GRANT
- RENAME USER
- RESET
- REVOKE
- SET PASSWORD
- SHOW GRANTS
- SHOW PRIVILEGES
- Functions in Alphabetical Order
- AES_DECRYPT()
- AES_ENCRYPT()
- CURRENT_USER()
- DECODE()
- DES_DECRYPT()
- DES_ENCRYPT()
- ENCODE()
- ENCRYPT()
- MD5()
- OLD_PASSWORD()
- PASSWORD()
- SESSION_USER()
- SHA()
- SHA1()
- SYSTEM_USER()
- USER()
- 5. Database and Table Schema Statements
- Statements and Clauses in Alphabetical Order
- ALTER DATABASE
- ALTER SCHEMA
- ALTER SERVER
- ALTER TABLE
- ALTER VIEW
- CREATE DATABASE
- CREATE INDEX
- CREATE SCHEMA
- CREATE SERVER
- CREATE TABLE
- CREATE VIEW
- DESCRIBE
- DROP DATABASE
- DROP INDEX
- DROP SERVER
- DROP TABLE
- DROP VIEW
- RENAME DATABASE
- RENAME TABLE
- SHOW CHARACTER SET
- SHOW COLLATION
- SHOW COLUMNS
- SHOW CREATE DATABASE
- SHOW CREATE TABLE
- SHOW CREATE VIEW
- SHOW DATABASES
- SHOW INDEXES
- SHOW SCHEMAS
- SHOW TABLE STATUS
- SHOW TABLES
- SHOW VIEWS
- 6. Data Manipulation Statements and Functions
- Statements and Functions Grouped by Characteristics
- Statements and Clauses in Alphabetical Order
- BEGIN
- COMMIT
- DELETE
- DO
- EXPLAIN
- HANDLER
- HELP
- INSERT
- JOIN
- LIMIT
- LOAD DATA INFILE
- RELEASE SAVEPOINT
- REPLACE
- ROLLBACK
- ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT
- SAVEPOINT
- SELECT
- SET
- SET TRANSACTION
- SHOW ERRORS
- SHOW WARNINGS
- START TRANSACTION
- TRUNCATE
- UNION
- UPDATE
- USE
- XA
- Functions in Alphabetical Order
- ANALYSE()
- BENCHMARK()
- DATABASE()
- FOUND_ROWS()
- LAST_INSERT_ID()
- ROW_COUNT()
- SCHEMA()
- 7. Table and Server Administration Statements and Functions
- Statements and Clauses in Alphabetical Order
- ALTER SERVER
- ANALYZE TABLE
- BACKUP TABLE
- CACHE INDEX
- CHECK TABLE
- CHECKSUM TABLE
- CREATE SERVER
- FLUSH
- KILL
- LOAD INDEX INTO CACHE
- LOCK TABLES
- OPTIMIZE TABLE
- REPAIR TABLE
- RESET
- RESTORE TABLE
- SET
- SHOW ENGINE
- SHOW ENGINES
- SHOW OPEN TABLES
- SHOW PLUGINS
- SHOW PROCESSLIST
- SHOW STATUS
- SHOW TABLE STATUS
- SHOW VARIABLES
- UNLOCK TABLES
- Functions in Alphabetical Order
- CONNECTION_ID()
- GET_LOCK()
- IS_FREE_LOCK()
- IS_USED_LOCK()
- RELEASE_LOCK()
- UUID()
- VERSION()
- 8. Replication Statements and Functions
- Merits of Replication
- Replication Process
- The Replication User Account
- Configuring the Servers
- Copying Databases and Starting Replication
- Starting Replication
- Backups with Replication
- SQL Statements and Functions in Alphabetical Order
- CHANGE MASTER TO
- LOAD DATA FROM MASTER
- LOAD TABLE...FROM MASTER
- MASTER_POS_WAIT()
- PURGE MASTER LOGS
- RESET MASTER
- RESET SLAVE
- SET GLOBAL SQL_SLAVE_SKIP_COUNTER
- SET SQL_LOG_BIN
- SHOW BINLOG EVENTS
- SHOW BINARY LOGS
- SHOW MASTER LOGS
- SHOW MASTER STATUS
- SHOW SLAVE HOSTS
- SHOW SLAVE STATUS
- START SLAVE
- STOP SLAVE
- Replication States
- 9. Stored Routines Statements
- Statements in Alphabetical Order
- ALTER EVENT
- ALTER FUNCTION
- ALTER PROCEDURE
- ALTER TRIGGER
- BEGIN...END
- CALL
- CLOSE
- CREATE EVENT
- CREATE FUNCTION
- CREATE PROCEDURE
- CREATE TRIGGER
- DECLARE
- DELIMITER
- DROP EVENT
- DROP FUNCTION
- DROP PREPARE
- DROP PROCEDURE
- DROP TRIGGER
- EXECUTE
- FETCH
- OPEN
- PREPARE
- SHOW CREATE EVENT
- SHOW CREATE FUNCTION
- SHOW CREATE PROCEDURE
- SHOW EVENTS
- SHOW FUNCTION CODE
- SHOW FUNCTION STATUS
- SHOW PROCEDURE CODE
- SHOW PROCEDURE STATUS
- SHOW TRIGGERS
- 10. Aggregate Clauses, Aggregate Functions, and Subqueries
- Aggregate Functions in Alphabetical Order
- AVG()
- BIT_AND()
- BIT_OR()
- BIT_XOR()
- COUNT()
- GROUP_CONCAT()
- MAX()
- MIN()
- STD()
- STDDEV()
- STDDEV_POP()
- STDDEV_SAMP()
- SUM()
- VAR_POP()
- VAR_SAMP()
- VARIANCE()
- Subqueries
- 11. String Functions
- String Functions Grouped by Type
- String Functions in Alphabetical Order
- ASCII()
- BIN()
- BINARY
- BIT_LENGTH()
- CAST()
- CHAR()
- CHAR_LENGTH()
- CHARACTER_LENGTH()
- CHARSET()
- COALESCE()
- COERCIBILITY()
- COLLATION()
- COMPRESS()
- CONCAT()
- CONCAT_WS()
- CONVERT()
- CRC32()
- ELT()
- EXPORT_SET()
- FIELD()
- FIND_IN_SET()
- HEX()
- INSERT()
- INSTR()
- INTERVAL()
- LCASE()
- LEFT()
- LENGTH()
- LOAD_FILE()
- LOCATE()
- LOWER()
- LPAD()
- LTRIM()
- MAKE_SET()
- MATCH() AGAINST()
- MID()
- OCTET_LENGTH()
- ORD()
- POSITION()
- QUOTE()
- REPEAT()
- REPLACE()
- REVERSE()
- RIGHT()
- RPAD()
- RTRIM()
- SOUNDEX()
- SPACE()
- STRCMP()
- SUBSTR()
- SUBSTRING()
- SUBSTRING_INDEX()
- TRIM()
- UCASE()
- UNCOMPRESS()
- UNCOMPRESSED_LENGTH()
- UNHEX()
- UPPER()
- 12. Date and Time Functions
- Date and Time Functions Grouped by Type
- Date and Time Functions in Alphabetical Order
- ADDDATE()
- ADDTIME()
- CONVERT_TZ()
- CURDATE()
- CURRENT_DATE()
- CURRENT_TIME()
- CURRENT_TIMESTAMP()
- CURTIME()
- DATE()
- DATE_ADD()
- DATE_FORMAT()
- DATE_SUB()
- DATEDIFF()
- DAY()
- DAYNAME()
- DAYOFMONTH()
- DAYOFWEEK()
- DAYOFYEAR()
- EXTRACT()
- FROM_DAYS()
- FROM_UNIXTIME()
- GET_FORMAT()
- HOUR()
- LAST_DAY()
- LOCALTIME()
- LOCALTIMESTAMP()
- MAKEDATE()
- MAKETIME()
- MICROSECOND()
- MINUTE()
- MONTH()
- MONTHNAME()
- NOW()
- PERIOD_ADD()
- PERIOD_DIFF()
- QUARTER()
- SEC_TO_TIME()
- SECOND()
- SLEEP()
- STR_TO_DATE()
- SUBDATE()
- SUBTIME()
- SYSDATE()
- TIME()
- TIME_FORMAT()
- TIME_TO_SEC()
- TIMEDIFF()
- TIMESTAMP()
- TIMESTAMPADD()
- TIMESTAMPDIFF()
- TO_DAYS()
- UNIX_TIMESTAMP()
- UTC_DATE()
- UTC_TIME()
- UTC_TIMESTAMP()
- WEEK()
- WEEKDAY()
- WEEKOFYEAR()
- YEAR()
- YEARWEEK()
- 13. Mathematical Functions
- Functions in Alphabetical Order
- ABS()
- ACOS()
- ASIN()
- ATAN()
- ATAN2()
- BIT_COUNT()
- CEIL()
- CEILING()
- CONV()
- COS()
- COT()
- DEGREES()
- EXP()
- FLOOR()
- FORMAT()
- GREATEST()
- INET_ATON()
- INET_NTOA()
- LEAST()
- LN()
- LOG()
- LOG2()
- LOG10()
- MOD()
- OCT()
- PI()
- POW()
- POWER()
- RADIANS()
- RAND()
- ROUND()
- SIGN()
- SIN()
- SQRT()
- TAN()
- TRUNCATE()
- 14. Flow Control Functions
- Functions in Alphabetical Order
- CASE
- IF()
- IFNULL()
- ISNULL()
- NULLIF()
- III. MySQL Server and Client Tools
- 15. MySQL Server and Client
- mysql Client
- mysql
- mysqld Server
- mysqld
- mysqld_multi
- mysqld_multi
- mysqld_safe
- mysqld_safe
- 16. Command-Line Utilities
- comp_err
- make_binary_distribution
- msql2mysql
- my_print_defaults
- myisam_ftdump
- myisamchk
- myisamlog
- myisampack
- mysql_convert_table_format
- mysql_find_rows
- mysql_fix_extensions
- mysql_fix_privilege_tables
- mysql_setpermission
- mysql_tableinfo
- mysql_upgrade
- mysql_waitpid
- mysql_zap
- mysqlaccess
- mysqladmin
- mysqlbinlog
- mysqlbug
- mysqlcheck
- mysqldump
- mysqldumpslow
- mysqlhotcopy
- mysqlimport
- mysqlshow
- mysqlslap
- perror
- replace
- resolveip
- resolve_stack_dump
- IV. APIs and Connectors
- 17. C API
- Using C with MySQL
- Functions in Alphabetical Order
- mysql_affected_rows()
- mysql_autocommit()
- mysql_change_user()
- mysql_character_set_name()
- mysql_close()
- mysql_commit()
- mysql_connect()
- mysql_create_db()
- mysql_data_seek()
- mysql_debug()
- mysql_drop_db()
- mysql_dump_debug_info()
- mysql_eof()
- mysql_errno()
- mysql_error()
- mysql_escape_string()
- mysql_fetch_field()
- mysql_fetch_field_direct()
- mysql_fetch_fields()
- mysql_fetch_lengths()
- mysql_fetch_row()
- mysql_field_count()
- mysql_field_seek()
- mysql_field_tell()
- mysql_free_result()
- mysql_get_client_info()
- mysql_get_character_set_info()
- mysql_get_client_version()
- mysql_get_host_info()
- mysql_get_proto_info()
- mysql_get_server_info()
- mysql_get_server_version()
- mysql_get_ssl_cipher()
- mysql_hex_string()
- mysql_info()
- mysql_init()
- mysql_insert_id()
- mysql_kill()
- mysql_library_end()
- mysql_library_init()
- mysql_list_dbs()
- mysql_list_fields()
- mysql_list_processes()
- mysql_list_tables()
- mysql_more_results()
- mysql_next_result()
- mysql_num_fields()
- mysql_num_rows()
- mysql_options()
- mysql_ping()
- mysql_query()
- mysql_real_connect()
- mysql_real_escape_string()
- mysql_real_query()
- mysql_reload()
- mysql_refresh()
- mysql_rollback()
- mysql_row_seek()
- mysql_row_tell()
- mysql_select_db()
- mysql_set_character_set()
- mysql_set_local_infile_default()
- mysql_set_local_infile_handler()
- mysql_set_server_option()
- mysql_shutdown()
- mysql_sqlstate()
- mysql_ssl_set()
- mysql_stat()
- mysql_store_result()
- mysql_thread_end()
- mysql_thread_id()
- mysql_thread_init()
- mysql_thread_safe()
- mysql_use_result()
- mysql_warning_count()
- C API Datatypes
- 18. Perl API
- Using Perl DBI with MySQL
- Perl DBI Reference
- available_drivers()
- begin_work()
- bind_col()
- bind_columns()
- bind_param()
- bind_param_array()
- bind_param_inout()
- can()
- clone()
- column_info()
- commit()
- connect()
- connect_cached()
- data_diff()
- data_sources()
- data_string_desc()
- data_string_diff()
- disconnect()
- do()
- dump_results()
- err()
- errstr()
- execute()
- execute_array()
- execute_for_fetch()
- fetch()
- fetchall_arrayref()
- fetchall_hashref()
- fetchrow_array()
- fetchrow_arrayref()
- fetchrow_hashref()
- finish()
- foreign_key_info()
- func()
- get_info()
- installed_drivers()
- installed_versions()
- last_insert_id()
- looks_like_number()
- neat()
- neat_list()
- parse_dsn()
- parse_trace_flag()
- parse_trace_flags()
- ping()
- prepare()
- prepare_cached()
- primary_key()
- primary_key_info()
- private_attribute_info()
- quote()
- quote_identifier()
- rollback()
- rows()
- selectall_arrayref()
- selectall_hashref()
- selectcol_arrayref()
- selectrow_array()
- selectrow_arrayref()
- selectrow_hashref()
- set_err()
- state()
- statistics_info()
- swap_inner_handle()
- table_info()
- tables()
- take_imp_data()
- trace()
- trace_msg()
- type_info()
- type_info_all()
- Attributes for Handles
- 19. PHP API
- Using PHP with MySQL
- PHP MySQL Functions in Alphabetical Order
- mysql_affected_rows()
- mysql_change_user()
- mysql_client_encoding()
- mysql_close()
- mysql_connect()
- mysql_create_db()
- mysql_data_seek()
- mysql_db_name()
- mysql_db_query()
- mysql_drop_db()
- mysql_errno()
- mysql_error()
- mysql_escape_string()
- mysql_fetch_array()
- mysql_fetch_assoc()
- mysql_fetch_field()
- mysql_fetch_lengths()
- mysql_fetch_object()
- mysql_fetch_row()
- mysql_field_flags()
- mysql_field_len()
- mysql_field_name()
- mysql_field_seek()
- mysql_field_table()
- mysql_field_type()
- mysql_free_result()
- mysql_get_client_info()
- mysql_get_host_info()
- mysql_get_proto_info()
- mysql_get_server_info()
- mysql_info()
- mysql_insert_id()
- mysql_list_dbs()
- mysql_list_fields()
- mysql_list_processes()
- mysql_list_tables()
- mysql_num_fields()
- mysql_num_rows()
- mysql_pconnect()
- mysql_ping()
- mysql_query()
- mysql_real_escape_string()
- mysql_result()
- mysql_select_db()
- mysql_set_charset()
- mysql_stat()
- mysql_tablename()
- mysql_thread_id()
- mysql_unbuffered_query()
- V. Appendixes
- A. Data Types
- Numeric Data Types
- BIT
- TINYINT
- BOOL, BOOLEAN
- SMALLINT
- MEDIUMINT
- INT, INTEGER
- BIGINT, SERIAL
- FLOAT
- DOUBLE, DOUBLE PRECISION
- DEC, DECIMAL, FIXED, NUMERIC
- Date and Time Data Types
- String Data Types
- CHAR
- VARCHAR
- BINARY
- VARBINARY
- TINYBLOB
- TINYTEXT
- BLOB
- TEXT
- MEDIUMBLOB
- MEDIUMTEXT
- LONGBLOB
- LONGTEXT
- ENUM
- SET
- B. Operators
- Arithmetic Operators
- Relational Operators
- Logical Operators
- Bitwise Operators
- Regular Expressions
- C. Server and Environment Variables
- Index
- About the Author
- Colophon
- Copyright
Name
ALTER DATABASE
Synopsis
ALTER {DATABASE|SCHEMA} database
[DEFAULT] CHARACTER SET character_set |
[DEFAULT] COLLATE collationUse this statement to alter settings for a database. Version
4.1.1 of MySQL introduced this function and added a file named
db.opt containing the database settings to the
database directory. Currently, two options are available:
CHARACTER SET and COLLATE. Here
are the contents of a typical db.opt file:
default-character-set=latin1 default-collation=latin1_swedish_ci
Although an administrator can edit the file manually, it may be
more robust to use the ALTER DATABASE statement to
change the file. It’s synonymous with ALTER SCHEMA as
of version 5.0.2 of MySQL. The ALTER privilege is
necessary for this statement.
The CHARACTER SET option can set the first line shown, which specifies the
default database character set that will be used. The
COLLATE option can set the second line, which specifies the default
database collation (how the character data is alphabetized). Here’s an
example of the use of this statement:
ALTER DATABASE human_resources CHARACTER SET latin2_bin COLLATE latin2_bin;
Notice that both options may be given in one SQL statement. The
DEFAULT keyword is unnecessary, but it is offered
for compatibility with other database systems. Beginning with version
4.1.8 of MySQL, if the name of the database is omitted from this SQL
statement, the current database will be assumed. To determine the
current database, use the DATABASE() function:
SELECT DATABASE(); +--------------+ | DATABASE() | +--------------+ | workrequests | +--------------+
See the explanations for the SHOW CHARACTER SET and SHOW COLLATION SQL statements later in this chapter for more information on character sets and collations.